Lidé na fakultě
Ing. Markéta Jirmanová

2026, 2026 Smart City Symposium Prague (SCSP), IEEE eXplore), ISBN 979-8-3315-4640-3, ISSN 2691-3666

Urban public transport (PT) operations gener- ate large volumes of inter-stop travel time observations from AVL/GNSS systems. These data underpin “typical” travel-time baselines used in monitoring, planning, anomaly detection, and KPI reporting. A common assumption in applied studies is that the empirical distributions of observed inter-stop travel times can be described by a single parametric distribution (typically normal, lognormal, or gamma), which implicitly treats variability as unimodal noise and leads to biased baselines and performance measures. This paper argues that for many inter-stop segments, this assumption is systematically violated because observations arise from regime mixing (e.g., uncongested vs. saturated signal cycles, varying dwell-time interactions, and recurrent congestion), producing multi-modal empirical distributions. We propose a regime-aware baseline framework centered on (i) explicit multi- modality diagnostics and (ii) parsimonious finite-mixture / regime representations that separate recurrent operational states and demonstrate its advantages against single-distribution models (normal/lognormal/gamma) using likelihood-based criteria and dedicated multi-modality tests. Using AVL-derived public trans- port data from three Czech cities — Pilsen, Brno, and the Prague metropolitan area (part of PID interurban bus services) — we quantify the prevalence of statistically significant multi- modality in inter-stop travel-time distributions. We demonstrate that conventional single-distribution baselines often systemati- cally misrepresent typical conditions, distort segment rankings, and obscure recurrent operational regimes that are directly relevant for performance assessment and planning.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2026, Journal of Public Transportation, 28, ISSN 2375-0901

Evaluation and prioritization of public transport infrastructure remain pivotal challenges for urban planners and transport agencies. Traditional Level of Service (LoS) metrics, while useful, often overlook the compounded impacts of delays on passengers, particularly on heavily used transport corridors. This paper introduces the "ManHours (M-H) Factor", a novel evaluation metric that integrates vehicle operational data, travel time deviations, and passenger occupancy to quantify the potential cumulative burden of delays on passenger time. Using Manhattan’s and Kaohsiung’s public bus network as a case study, the methodology uses extensive data, including GPS-based travel times and hourly passenger counts, to recalibrate LoS metrics and identify high-priority interstop sections for intervention. The results reveal significant man-hour savings potential in select inter-stop sections and demonstrate how Man-Hours (M-H) Factor shifts prioritization to heavily utilized routes, offering a more equitable and actionable framework for decision-making. By incorporating passenger-centric metrics, this study provides a scalable, data-driven approach to the evaluation and planning of transport infrastructure, with broad implications for sustainable and equitable urban mobility systems.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SSCI

2026, 2026 Smart City Symposium Prague (SCSP), IEEE eXplore), ISBN 979-8-3315-4640-3, ISSN 2691-3666

Designing public transport services in suburban and peripheral areas requires balancing route efficiency, service quality, and social accessibility. While several indices exist to evaluate route directness and level of service, their interpretation under low and heterogeneous demand conditions often leads to ambiguous planning conclusions. This paper examines how operational performance indicators and route-quality measures behave under varying demand assumptions and how they can be translated into decision-relevant insights. Using a case study of selected radial bus routes, real-world operational data are combined with simulated demand scenarios to analyze the sensitivity of passenger-weighted route deviation measures and travel-time–based service indicators. The results show that identical route configurations may yield conflicting quality assessments depending on passenger exposure, highlighting a structural efficiency–equity dilemma. To address this issue, a refined passenger-weighted route deviation indicator is introduced as a penalty-oriented, policy-aware diagnostic tool. Combined with operational reliability measures, the proposed approach supports transparent decisions on route restructuring, infrastructure investment, and the use of demand-responsive services.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2025, Proceedings of the 13th Workshop on Uncertainty Processing (WUPES’25), Praha, MATFYZPRESS, vydavatelství Matematicko-fyzikální fakulty UK), p. 152-163), ISBN 978-80-7378-525-3

Planning efficient tram schedules for municipal transportation presents significant challenges, often relying on time-consuming manual methods that struggle with network changes and complexity. This paper introduces a genetic algorithm-based heuristic approach to automate and optimize tram timetabling. The heuristic was evaluated on three selected subsets of the Prague tram network with different size. The largest example is a problem potentially computationally infeasible for nonheuristic approaches due to its vast combinatorial space. Results demonstrate that the proposed heuristic significantly accelerates the scheduling process, improves service levels by optimizing vehicle distribution and minimizing wait times, and reduces manual effort, offering a more efficient and adaptable tool for municipal transport planning.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf. cizojazyčně

2024, 2024 Smart City Symposium Prague (SCSP), New York, IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC), p. 1-6), ISBN 979-8-3503-6095-0, ISSN 2691-3666

In today's steadily urbanizing landscape, cities continue to expand at a rapid pace. Alongside the improvement in quality of life, there's a notable increase in the number of private cars. However, the limited capacity of roads in densely populated urban areas remains unchanged. To ensure smooth operation and enhance the quality of public transport as a backbone of urban mobility, the implementation of public transport priority measures is imperative. One such measure is the establishment of dedicated bus lanes. This paper delves into the design options for the endpoint of a dedicated bus lane before an intersection, focusing on the perspective of public transport. Specifically, it examines four different designs for this endpoint, employing simulations conducted through the PTV Vissim program.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2024, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Traffic and Transportation (ICITT), incorporating the 8th International Conference on Communication and Network Technology (ICCNT), Florence, Italy, 16-18 September 2024, Nieuwe Hemweg, IOS Press), p. 310-317), ISBN 978-1-64368-560-1, ISSN 2352-751X

This study analyses the impact of a priority measure on the quality of public transport in the city of Pilsen. This measure is based on the closure of Americká Street to car traffic because there were frequent congestions and public transport vehicles were getting high delays. Simultaneously, this study uses the newly developed Quality of Public Transport Operation Evaluation Method and explores whether the Method is also a suitable tool for these types of studies.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2024, 2024 Smart City Symposium Prague (SCSP), New York, IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC), p. 1-5), ISBN 979-8-3503-6095-0, ISSN 2691-3666

Effective transport planning, utilizing available data to promote sustainable modes of transportation, is a fundamental aspect of the Smart City concept. This paper introduces an optimization of the the level-of-service-based evaluation method for quality of public transport operation, which assesses reliability and travel speed/time. Although initially introduced in 2017, the method lacked a sufficient sample of data from diverse transport networks for testing. Subsequently, with the acquisition of such data, extensive testing became feasible, leading to the method's optimization for improved reliability and practical usability.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2023, Young Transportation Engineers Conference 2022, Praha, České vysoké učení technické v Praze), p. 8-14), ISBN 978-80-01-07224-0, ISSN 2336-5382

Smart transport planning based on the use of available data while supporting sustainable transport modes is an integral part of the Smart city concept. This article presents a critical analysis of the Level of Service of Public Transport Operation Assessment Method, which is based on two indicators - the reliability index and the travel speed index. The method is applied to a larger sample of data from several different cities, it makes it possible to evaluate the possible shortcomings of the method, since the method has not yet been applied to such a large number of case studies.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2022, 2022 Smart City Symposium Prague, Piscataway, IEEE Signal Processing Society), ISBN 978-1-6654-7923-3

Fast and reliable public transport is one of the pillars of sustainable urban mobility. Creating good conditions for its operation in urban road network is a fundamental task for transport engineers. The PREFOS Research Group has long been involved in evaluating the conditions for public transport operation in urban roads. One of the key parameters is the impact of the car traffic flow on public transport operation. This paper describes a pilot study of the possibility of using Google traffic data to evaluate the characteristics of traffic flow and its comparison with the achieved travel speed of public transport in a given section. This pilot study is part of a broader research plan to develop a comprehensive method for evaluating the conditions for public transport operations on a street network.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2022, Chytrá řešení pro zvýšení bezpečnosti a komfortu v dopravě -Využití dopravně inženýrských přístupů a provozních zkušeností pro nové dopravní projekty, Brno, Česká silniční společnost (pobočka při a. s. Brněnské komunikace), p. 59-69), ISBN 978-80-908409-0-4

Vyhrazený jízdní pruh pro autobusy/trolejbusy veřejné dopravy je základním a prakticky nejefektivnějším prvkem preference veřejné dopravy na síti městských komunikací. Existují však různé přístupy k nastavení dopravního režimu těchto vyhrazených jízdních pruhů, ať už z hlediska jejich časové platnosti, možnosti jejich využívání i dalšími specifikovanými vozidly (jízdní kola, taxi, motocykly) či jejich vedení po tramvajovém tělese, i k jejich vyznačování. Příspěvek shrne aktuální stav této problematiky ve vybraných českých a zahraničních městech a nabídne doporučení pro jednotný přístup k této problematice v českých podmínkách.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf. česky