People
Ing. Zuzana Bělinová, Ph.D.

2024, Inżynieria Mineralna, Kraków, Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin), p. 1-9), ISSN 1640-4920

This paper provides an overview of the current challenges that occur within the design of the urban mobility concept and urban development concept. These challenges are discussed in view of the unique ELABORATOR project, which brings together different approaches and measures in a total of 12 European cities to improve micro mobility and sustainability and prove a concept toward climate-neutral cities. The main goal of the paper is to clearly describe the current state of mobility in the city of Liberec in the Rochlice housing estate area with the main objective focused on parking availability and identification of undesirable phenomena (incorrect parking, exhausted parking capacity, difficult passage for rescue services etc.). Therefore,the definition of ongoing problems is described from default to design and propose strategic interventions towards efficient parking supporting local mobility needs. Parallelly, the evaluation methodology is defined according to the requirements of strategically defined goals in sustainable urban mobility plans and the goals of the project. The proposed methodology reflects in situ measurement, identification of large-scale impacts based on quantitative analysis, and qualitative feedback collection from public events and applied interviews with city residents, and last but not least, the use of shared experiences of cities within the ELABORATOR project. This complex solution is defined to improve parking availability and to measure the real impact of proposed interventions on traffic on dedicated housing estates.

2023, PIARC XXVIIth World Road Congress Proceedings of the Congress, Paris La Défense cedex, World Road Association (PIARC) Technical Committee C.3.3), ISBN 978-2-84060-837-0

This article focuses on the use of predictive diagnostics and maintenance of technological equipment and systems in tunnels. Based on data analysis and new conditions for equipping urban and highway tunnels with new ITS technology such as C-ITS, there are new methods of vehicle detection and deployment, and operation of already existing systems (ventilation, fire alarms, traffic signs, control systems), a range of requirements increase together with specifications for maintenance and tunnel inspections. Predictive diagnostics is required to ensure the reliability of data and information of the equipment and particularly systems implemented in the tunnels. The goal is to operate an effective and reliable maintenance with targeted service interventions. The maintenance requires a well-defined documentation which is being prepared and applied in a BIM approach and overall digitization that significantly helps with orientation in the tunnel and its technological systems. There are descriptive technical documents that pointedly specify proper equipment functions as well as detection of reliability and life cycle prediction based on the actual states of equipment. Using SCADA in the tunnel control system allows simulations of system behavior, including fault detection and alarms. The article analysis various inputs, data acquisition, combination of parameters, and information, furthermore a methodical approach for supplementary predictive maintenance of road tunnel technologies on highways or cities roads. The analysis of an essential contribution to the maintenance and refinement of the equipment life cycle will be presented on an example, including the prediction of future states. The article includes examples of potential failures that are being solved during the operation with an impact on the entire predictive maintenance system. For data transfer, its redistribution, including information from systems, the provision of information about the state of the device, and the calculation of the subsequent life cycle, it will represent the basis for new approaches ensuring secured data transfer, i.e., the application of cyber security and other new approaches, where the continuity and application of new trends will be indicated. The article was written with the support of TA CZ under number CK01000163, FW03010458, TH04010481, CK04000109

2023, 2023 Smart City Symposium Prague, New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 979-8-3503-2162-3, ISSN 2691-3666

As part of the development of new technologies and approaches, there are innovative solutions for intermodal transport, especially at the interface between road and rail. Among the basic trends in the development of the transport system, with a focus mainly on progressive areas that complement each other and are also newly developing, such as the requirement to obtain data and information for information modelling. Information modelling can obtain data using various methods that are presented in the article, where in particular the HD mapping method seems to be a very progressive approach, as well as obtaining data from technologies and smart approaches using connectivity using optical cables, IoT or the future 5G network with cyber security. The mapping of objects using 3D, the use of BIM (building information modeling) in design for the precise description of a given object or device for the subsequent provision of a complex cycle of a given system, is also an essential input for information modelling. The article concentrates in a comprehensive manner on the development of the transport system with a focus on the road and railway interface from the point of view of providing data and information for the design, implementation, and subsequent maintenance. An important aspect of the transport system is its user, the passenger, who uses and provides data and is offered for multimodal and intermodal transport, especially the application of the so-called Mobility Hub with the prospective provision of autonomous mobility, which in the future can be an important connecting element in multimodal and intermodal transport at regional or city level.

2023, Neural Network World, 33 (5), p. 397-412), ISSN 1210-0552

Today's quick development of artificial intelligence (AI) brings us to the questions that have until recently been the domain of philosophy or even sciencefiction. When can be a system considered an intelligent one? What is a consciousness and where it comes from? Can systems gain consciousness? It is necessary to have in mind, that although the development seems to be a revolutionary one, the progress is successive, today’s technologies did not emerge from thin air, they are firmly built on previous findings. As now some wild thoughts and theories where the AI development leads to have arisen, it is time to look back at the background theories and summarize, what do we know on the topics of intelligence, consciousness, where they come from and what are different viewpoints on these topics. This paper combines the findings from different areas and present overview of different attitudes on systems consciousness and emphasizes the role of systems sciences in helping the knowledge in this area.

2023, ISBN 978-80-02-03028-7

Obsahem knihy je základní přehled o současném stavu poznání v oboru silničního a městského dopravního inženýrství v České republice. Kniha nabízí základní přehled o oboru a čtenář tak získá celkovou představu o principech a metodách řešení dopravně-inženýrských úloh. Kniha obsahuje odkazy na další technické předpisy a literaturu, které každou zmiňovanou problematiku řeší ve větších detailech. Kniha je sestavena z 23 kapitol: Úvod do problematiky, Dopravní inženýrství v podmínkách ČR, Doprava a územní plánování, Dopravní proud, Druhy vozidel, Intenzita dopravy, Dopravní průzkumy, Celostátní sčítání dopravy, Prognóza vývoje dopravy, Modelování dopravy, Organizace a regulace dopravy, Navrhování pozemních komunikací, Křižovatky, Navrhování světelné signalizace, Kapacita pozemních komunikací, Principy dopravního zklidňování, Veřejná hromadná doprava, Doprava v klidu, Pěší doprava, Cyklistická doprava, Dopravní telematika a systémy, Bezpečnost silniční infrastruktury, Doprava a životní prostředí.

2023, Dopravní inženýrství, Praha, Česká silniční společnost), p. 458-479), ISBN 978-80-02-03028-7

Kapitola přibližuje technické a technologické možnosti dopravní telematiky a nových systémů řízení, které je možné využívat v dopravním inženýrství.

2023, PIARC XXVIIth World Road Congress Proceedings of the Congress, Paris La Défense cedex, World Road Association (PIARC) Technical Committee C.3.3), ISBN 978-2-84060-837-0

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) aim to increase safety, optimise traffic flow, reduce traffic congestion, improve economic efficiency of transportation, and operate the telematic systems implemented in the infrastructure. The main goal is to increase the awareness of road users. These aforementioned indicators are crucial not only on conventional transport infrastructure but especially in tunnels, which require even stricter criteria and requirements for traffic safety and especially response to unexpected emergency situations (accident, traffic jam, fire, movement of people, etc.). The article focusses on the application of C-ITS in urban and highway tunnels, which could significantly contribute to the ease of orientation and guidance of road users, the elimination of unsafe drivers' behaviour, fluidity of traffic, and integrity of the control system in relation to vehicles and other technological systems that are widely used in tunnels. However, a major limitation in tunnels, and especially in complex urban tunnels with junctions, is the absence of a GNSS signal, which is the common source of positional data for a significant part of traffic applications for drivers. This makes tunnels a blind spot in the transport infrastructure, although the use of C-ITS in tunnels would be justified and would make even more sense than on other transport routes such as common highways. However, C-ITS itself can also be used for positioning through communication between the infrastructure and equipped vehicles. This article reports on the possibilities of using C-ITS communication for automatic positioning and thus making C-ITS applications operational in tunnels, which can provide new use cases that meet the specific needs and requirements of tunnel structures. Some data are important for the tunnel control system and the determination of even potential faults and the link to the service and maintenance, where equipment fault behaviour may occur, tracking of maintenance vehicles and the transmission of information through the tunnel control system, and many other data and information that can lead to a reduction in the economic intensity of the operation and maintenance of the tunnel, the reduction of damage caused by traffic excesses, as well as the increase of traffic flow and its efficient use. This paper will focus on specific C-ITS solutions applicable in practice in road tunnels, including safe and secure data transmission

2022, Applied Sciences, 12 (9), p. 1-13), ISSN 2076-3417

Featured Application This article provides a general overview of technological aspects and limitations of tunnels with respect to smart technologies such as C-ITS. Many smart city applications work with calculated position and time using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals for enhanced precision. However, there are many places where the availability of GNSS is limited, e.g., road tunnels, which are an essential part of transport infrastructure. Tunnels also require greater attention and greater importance of approaches to ensure the safety and security aspects of traffic. The safety, distribution of information, awareness, and smooth traffic can also be ensured by V2X applications, but the current position is also needed. An experimental analysis of data connection and communication availability was performed in the Blanka tunnel (Prague) and its surroundings. The main objective of the work was to find and clearly describe the tunnel blind spots, with an emphasis on communication between cars and potentially between cars and infrastructure. This article summarizes the evaluation results of the V2X tunnel experimental test, the outputs from the analysis of these blind spots, and it provides a future perspective and suggestions that make tunnels smart by using advanced positioning approaches.

2021, Sustainability — Open Access Journal, 13 (7), p. 1-17), ISSN 2071-1050

Smart and automated maintenance could make the system and its parts more sustainable by extending their lifecycle, failure detection, smart control of the equipment, and precise detection and reaction to unexpected circumstances. This article focuses on the analysis of data, particularly on logs captured in several Czech tunnel systems. The objective of the analysis is to find useful information in the logs for predicting upcoming situations, and furthermore, to check the possibilities of predictive diagnostics and to design the process of predictive maintenance. The main goal of the article is to summarize the possibilities of optimizing system maintenance that are based on data analysis as well as expert analysis based on the experience with the equipment in the tunnel. The results, findings, and conclusions could primarily be used in the tunnels; secondarily, these principles could be applied in telematics and lead to the optimization and improvement of system sustainability.

2021, SUSTAINABILITY, 2021 (13), ISSN 2071-1050

The main goal of this paper is to present new possibilities for the detection and recognition of different categories of electric and conventional (equipped with combustion engines) vehicles using a thermal video camera. The paper presents a draft of a possible detection and classification system of vehicle propulsion systems working with thermal analyses. The differences in thermal features of different vehicle categories were found out and statistically proved. The thermal images were obtained using an infrared thermography camera. They were utilized to design a database of vehicle class images of passenger vehicles (PVs), vans, and buses. The results confirmed the hypothesis that infrared thermography might be used for categorizing the vehicle type according to the thermal features of vehicle exteriors and machine learning methods for vehicle type recognition.

2021, Neural Network World, 31 (05/21), p. 343-353), ISSN 1210-0552

The article deals with the current issue of traffic accident risk classification in urban area. In connection with the increase in traffic in the Czech Republic, a higher probability of risks of traffic excesses can be expected in the future. If there is a traffic excess in the city, the aim is to propose a meaningful traffic management solution to minimize the social losses. The main needs are the early identification and classification of the cause of the traffic excess, finding a suitable alternative solution, quick application of that solution, and the rapid ability to resume operations in the area of congestion. Traffic prediction is one of the tools for the early identification of traffic excess. The article describes extensive research focused on the classification and prediction of the output variable of accident risk based on own programmed neural networks. The research outputs will be subsequently used for the creation of a traffic application for a selected urban area in the Czech Republic

2020, 2020 Smart City Symposium Prague, New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 978-1-7281-6821-0

This paper describes predictive diagnostics used in a process of telematic systems maintenance focusing on the checkup and potencials for improvements in road tunnel constructions. For this we have chosen the tunnel constructions as the most suitable ones from the telematic systems as they contain huge amount of technologies, systems and subsystems. Tunnel constructions is from its nature complex system providing large amounts of data and many device status and other reports. Actual tunnel status is fundamentally influenced by the operation, the state of technological equipment and, last but not least, by the activity of the operators responding to emergencies, solving normal operation states and planned or operative maintenance. Each part of the tunnel technological equipment requires for its correct operation specific actions, which are planned as a coherent set of rules and operating regulations based on alarms from the technical equipment, evaluation of traffic data and operators' knowledge. This is also applicable to any telematics system that consists of several subsystems or is a larger system based on a distributed diagnostic system.

2019, Archieves of Transport System Telematics, 2019 (4), p. 22-26), ISSN 1899-8208

The prediction of traffic accidents in urban networks is one of the key future theme in the areas of traffic control and navigation. Early identification of the risk of a traffic accident can lead to an increase in the safety and smoothness of road transport. Neural networks belong to the expert methods for modeling of complex systems. The issue of their use in the transport sector is scientifically quite progressive. The article describes the design of prediction model based on available traffic data from town Uherské Hradiště. Traffic data was collected from many sources, e.g. junction detectors, meteorological stations or traffic accident portal. Appropriate parameters for the model were selected from the traffic data. The model was then tested on a 2-month data sample. The aim of the article is to confirm the suitability of using neural networks to predict traffic accidents

2018, 2018 19th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), New York, IEEE), p. 608-612), ISBN 978-1-5386-4762-2

This article describes the results of using new approaches in the implementation of intelligent road traffic control algorithms applied in smaller city areas. As a solution of designed traffic-dependent model was the application of different data from the sensor network, which have and can impact on increasing throughput of fully loaded roads in the city but also makes traffic behavior more accurate in the defined area with wider overhead for controlling. The systems outputs optimize traffic parameters of the defined node as well as interconnected intersections with traffic lights and other subsystems according to the traffic situation in the wider area. The article describes not only methodology but also general recommendations that are the result of experience in testing and deploying of adaptive traffic control algorithm in real conditions.

2018, 2018 Smart City Symposium Prague, New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 978-1-5386-5017-2

Traffic overload is a pressing problem for many cities nowadays and they are trying to find smart solutions. Therefore cities are introducing traffic control systems that facilitate a more dynamic transit through the city for transit traffic while optimizing the control of individual junctions equipped with light signalling. Evaluation of traffic control parameters is usually based on processing of data from traffic surveys. This article describes the design, implementation and verification of alternative methods of traffic surveys for the comparison of traffic control systems in a case study of Uherské Hradiště. In this city, an extensive pilot project took place in summer and autumn 2017 to test the new algorithm for adaptive traffic control at selected light-controlled junctions of the city. The aim of the designed traffic surveys was to evaluate the parameters of the newly installed traffic control systems and to compare them with the control parameters of the original system.

2018, 2018 Smart City Symposium Prague, New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 978-1-5386-5017-2

Insufficient parking capacities trouble almost every city today. The demand for parking space is considerably higher than the supply and since creating new parking facilities is economically very challenging, it is important to look for ways to make the most of the existing parking space, especially as on-street parking is regarded. The aim is therefore to apply systems for efficient use of existing parking space, focusing in particular on monitoring the occupancy of parking space and providing the information to drivers. A large-scale pilot project was implemented in Uherské Hradiště in the second half of the year 2017. It involved testing of features and subsystems for parking management as well as monitoring the turnover and occupancy of parking spaces in the city. This article describes the course of the pilot project, the employed detection and action elements of the system and also deals with the evaluation and the outcomes of the pilot testing.