People
doc. Ing. Dušan Teichmann, Ph.D.

2024, Neural Network World, 34 (3), p. 169-188), ISSN 1210-0552

This paper solves a modified version of the asymmetric traveling salesman problem with the possibility of omitting certain nodes and with a defined time limit for the total travel time, also referred to as the asymmetric orienteering problem (AOP). This problem belongs to the class of NP-hard problems. A proposed mathematical model maximizes the total score gained from visiting nodes within a predefined time limit. The possibility of exceeding the time limit, which results in a penalty to the total score, is also considered. The profitable penalty is examined, i.e., whether accepting the penalty can be advantageous for increasing the total score. The problem is demonstrated in a case study from the ski adventure race, organized in the Jizera Mountains in the Czech Republic.

2024, Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, Bratislava, Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM), p. 70-77), ISBN 978-80-225-5144-1

Development of transport infrastructure in the Czech Republic is carried out through the implementation of investment projects that can be financed from several sources. The largest source of funding for the development of transport infrastructure in the Czech Republic is the Operational Programme Transport (OPT), which is the focus of this article. Due to the limited budget of available funds a group of experts is established to decide on the selection of projectsfor implementation. By their selection, the experts decide on the funding of projects only in the following year, even though the OPT has a known budget for up to 7 years. The authors of this article have long been involved in the issue of portfolio selection of transport infrastructure projects. This article extends the issue of project selection to the creation of a schedule for its financing within a defined timeframe which could potentially mean a more efficient development of transport infrastructure in the medium-term time horizon. Authors propose a solution to the problem using a genetic algorithm with a matrix encoding of chromosomes, which represents project selection and year of their financing.

2024, Mathematics, 12 (19), p. 1-28), ISSN 2227-7390

The development of transport infrastructure is crucial for economic growth, social connectivity, and sustainable development. Many countries have historically underinvested in transport infrastructure, necessitating more efficient strategic planning in the implementation of transport infrastructure investment projects. This article addresses the selection and scheduling of transport infrastructure projects, specifically within the context of utilizing pre-allocated funds within a multi-annual budget investment program. The current decision-making process relies heavily on expert judgment and lacks quantitative decision support methods. We propose a genetic algorithm as a decision-support tool, framing the problem as an NP-hard 0-1 multiple knapsack problem. The proposed genetic algorithm (GA) is unique for its matrix-encoded chromosomes, specially designed genetic operators, and a customized repair operator to address the large number of invalid chromosomes generated during the GA computation. In computational experiments, the proposed GA is compared to an exact solution and proves to be efficient in terms of quality of obtained solutions and computational time, with an average computational time of 108 s and the quality of obtained solutions typically ranging between 85% and 95% of the optimal solution. These results highlight the potential of the proposed GA to enhance strategic decision-making in transport infrastructure development.

2023, Proceedings of the 15 th International Conference on Strategic Management and its Support by Information Systems 2023, Ostrava, VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Economics), p. 121-130), ISBN 978-80-248-4687-3, ISSN 2570-5776

Storage is one of the many processes that take place within logistics chains. It is a process that primarily generates costs, which is why is important to monitor its going regularly and optimize it if necessary. During optimization, various tasks formulated by one or more optimization criteria are pursued. In the presented paper, two parallel tasks are pursued, which do not occur so often, but which are significant from the point of view of practical applications. The first task is the most efficient utilization of storage space capacity. The second task is to consider the amount of bound capital in the stocks. Based on the defined inputs, three optimization approaches based on mathematical programming suitable for solving the formulated problem are presented in this paper. At the end of this paper, the results of each individual optimization approach are compared with each other, and recommendations for the client are formulated.

2023, Proceedings of the 15th International Scientific Conference COMPETITION, Jihlava, Vysoká škola polytechnická Jihlava), p. 180-190), ISBN 978-80-88064-71-8, ISSN 2788-0605

Rozsah a kvalita dopravní infrastruktury má signifikantní dopad na rozvoj společnosti a kvalitu života, zejména pak v oblasti ekonomického rozvoje a zvýšení konkurenceschopnosti. Pro dosažení těchto efektů je třeba investovat značné finanční prostředky do výstavby a modernizace formou realizace investičních projektů dopravní infrastruktury. Výše prostředků určených pro tyto investiční projekty je však zpravidla nižší než náklady na realizaci všech připravovaných staveb, a proto je nutné přistupovat k výběru pouze některých investičních projektů k jejich následné realizaci. Tento výběr musí probíhat tak, aby realizované investiční projekty splňovaly požadavky definované dopravní politikou a pravidly investičních fondů, kde přínosy projektů jsou reprezentovány definovanými indikátory. Za účelem nalezení vyhovujícího rozdělení plnění indikátorů je potom v praktických úlohách často opakováno řešení výběru portfolia se změnou vstupních podmínek. Cílem příspěvku je prezentace možnosti optimalizace portfolia investičních projektů dopravní infrastruktury pomocí přístupu založeného na agregaci optimalizačních kritérií v kombinaci s transformací části optimalizačního kritéria na omezující podmínky. Pomocí tohoto postupu je umožněno zadavateli ovlivnit plnění sledovaných indikátorů apriorními i aposteriorními preferenčními požadavky za účelem dosažení požadovaného rozložení.

2023, Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Economics, Praha, Česká společnost pro operační výzkum), p. 166-173), ISBN 978-80-11-04132-8, ISSN 2788-3965

Along with the development of the society, emphasis is placed on the moderniza-tion and development of quality transport infrastructure. Investing in infrastructure is implemented using investment projects, which are financed in the vast majority from public sources. The amount of the available budget is usually lower than the amount of funds needed to implement all the projects being prepared, and therefore it is necessary to select a portfolio of investment projects for implementation. Dur-ing the selection process, indicators representing the quantified societal benefits re-sulting from the implementation of projects, as well as their financial demands and the available budget, are assessed. However, the selection is carried out in the initial phase of the preparation of investment projects, and due to the preparation period of several years, the implementation takes place in a few years. The development of the economic situation has been very turbulent and fluctuating in recent years, while the situation at the time of project implementation often does not correspond to the expected market development in the initial phase of project preparation. As a result, the amount of financial indicators and the estimated available budget at the time of implementation are significantly different than what was assumed during the selection. This can have a negative effect on the output of the optimization of the selection of the project portfolio from the point of view of fulfilling the overall societal benefit. The aim of the article is to present an approach to optimizing the selection of a portfolio of transport infrastructure investment projects for implementation, includ-ing elements of uncertainty in the area of the available budget and the estimated amount of funds needed to implement individual investment projects. Uncertainty is modeled using fuzzy logic, and the goal of optimization is to maximize the cumu-lative value of social benefits represented by monitored indicators.

2023, Proceedings of the 15 th International Conference on Strategic Management and its Support by Information Systems 2023, Ostrava, VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Economics), p. 176-184), ISBN 978-80-248-4687-3, ISSN 2570-5776

The quality of the transport infrastructure has a significant influence on the development of the society, especially in the area of the economy growth. In our conditions, it is necessary to further develop and modernize the infrastructure. For this purpose investment projects are prepared by state management authorities. However, the financial value of all planned transport infrastructure investment projects is usually higher than the available budget, and it is therefore necessary to approach the selection of a portfolio of projects for implementation. The selected projects must meet not only the amount of the budget, but also the requirements arising from the transport policy and the rules of the investment funds represented by the required indicators. In the tasks of optimizing the portfolio of projects, in practice, it is often approached to repeat the selection of the portfolio with modification of the input conditions so that the distribution of the performance of the indicators more closely meets the expert requirements. This can be better solved using evaluation methods, the application of which is, however, lacking in the selection of the project portfolio. The aim of the article is to present a solution to the task of optimizing the selection of a portfolio of transport infrastructure investment projects using the STEM method. This interactive method based on the alternation of computing and decision-making phases enables the application of expert requirements during the calculation in order to find the optimal solution in cases where not all combinations of fulfilment of the monitored indicators are known in advance.

2022, QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN ECONOMICS (Multiple Criteria Decision Making XXI), Bratislava-Nové Mesto, Letra Edu), p. 119-124), ISBN 978-80-89962-93-8

Financial needs of the prepared transport infrastructure investment projects are generally very high and exceed the available budgets. Therefore, it is necessary to set the selection process to find a project portfolio to be proposed for realization. Due to the significant socio-economic impact of transport infrastructure investments, the selection of projects for realization is a crucial decision-making step at the level of the central state authorities. The article compares two approaches to mathematical programming, which can contribute to the optimization of the portfolio of transport infrastructure investment projects to be financed. Optimization of the selection aims at the maximization of the benefits of the projects and the efficient use of allocated funds. The paper focuses on the differences in application of the use of the linear and goal programming models and compares the outputs of both optimization approaches.

2022, MME2022 : Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Economics, Jihlava, Vysoká škola polytechnická Jihlava), p. 366-373), ISBN 978-80-88064-62-6

The basic aspect of public transport in terms of its use must be its attractiveness for passengers. If it is not possible to provide a direct connection for each passenger, discomfort must be minimized for passengers who will have to change during the transport process. Their discomfort can be reduced by shortening the time they must wait for the consequent connection. Reducing the waiting time during transfers can be achieved mainly by a higher level of network coordination of connections. The given problem can be solved as an optimization task. The motivation for the article is the specific nature of the timing of connections in the Prague public transport system, where coordination between subway and bus lines is required on weekends. For the bus lines, the so-called periodically alternating headway is applied on weekends. The connections are run at 7- and 8-minute headways, and this sequence is repeated regularly throughout the weekend. The optimization criterion is the total time loss of transferring passengers in all transfer nodes. The value of the total time loss is minimized. The computational experiment was realized in the Xpress-IVE optimization software.

2022, QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN ECONOMICS (Multiple Criteria Decision Making XXI), Bratislava-Nové Mesto, Letra Edu), p. 188-195), ISBN 978-80-89962-93-8

The basic aspect of public transport in terms of its use must be its attractiveness to passengers. Attractiveness is characterized by many factors. One of them is, for example, the offer of a direct connection. However, it is not always possible to provide a direct connection. In this case, passenger transfers cannot be avoided. During transfers, it is important that passengers do not wait unnecessarily for consecutive connections. The presented article deals with the issue of network coordination of tram connections in the Ostrava public transport system. The optimization criterion is the total time loss of transferring passengers in all nodes in which there is a transfer between tram lines.

2022, MME2022 : Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Economics, Jihlava, Vysoká škola polytechnická Jihlava), p. 129-134), ISBN 978-80-88064-62-6

An important group of operations taking place in distribution parts of logistics chains is the completion of consignments. It is usually necessary to decide in which warehouse the completion of consignments will take place if distribution systems contain several warehouses. The decision of the place of completion is influenced by location of the required items in individual warehouses and by quantity of the required items in the warehouses. The presented paper deals with the problem of location of multiple completion centres with limited capacity in the conditions of a distribution system containing several warehouses, with stored items divided into several size categories. It is possible to store items of the same size in several warehouses and a vehicle fleet is heterogeneous. The problem is conceived as an optimization problem, which is solved by the methods of mathematical programming. When creating a mathematical model, the knowledge from the field of transport and location tasks is used. A computational experiment will be performed with the proposed model, and it will be performed for several numbers of warehouses to be completion.

2022, QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN ECONOMICS (Multiple Criteria Decision Making XXI), Bratislava-Nové Mesto, Letra Edu), p. 76-81), ISBN 978-80-89962-93-8

Distribution of goods to the final customer is the last link in the logistics chain. This is a topical and important issue, as the efficiency of the distribution processes can have a significant positive effect on the economy of the whole chain. The processes taking place in the parts of the logistics chains dealing with the distribution of goods can be of a different nature. The reasons for the different nature of processes may be specific requirements for the process of completion of goods before final shipment, specific requirements for the final shipment process depending on the type of goods removed, end customer service technology resulting from their specific requirements for delivery dates, number of units, periodicity of service, etc. The presented article deals with the task of selecting the distribution warehouse of the final shipment in the conditions of a distributor with whom orders are placed electronically (in virtual reality). The problem is conceived as an optimization problem, which is solved by methods of mathematical programming. The optimization criterion is the cost of completing customer orders. When creating a mathematical model, knowledge from the field of transport and location tasks is used. Computational experiments will be performed with the proposed model. Computational experiments will be performed for different numbers of warehouses, while only one of them will be designated for the final shipment.

2022, MME2022 : Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Economics, Jihlava, Vysoká škola polytechnická Jihlava), p. 280-285), ISBN 978-80-88064-62-6

Transport infrastructure investment projects are usually very costly and time consuming. The limited capacity of resources does not allow the implementation of all prepared projects at the same time; therefore it is necessary to select a portfolio of projects for implementation. The selection must be made in such a way that not only the requirements of transport policy are met, but also the rules of the investment funds from which the projects are financed. The quality of the selected project portfolio is crucial due to their significant socio-economic impacts represented by indicators representing the usefulness of the buildings in the effective use of available funds. The aim of optimization is to minimize the maximal negative deviations from the minimum values of indicators representing the degree of non-fulfilment. The article presents one of the possible approaches to solving this problem based on linear programming with the addition of a cascade approach providing improved results.

2021, MME2021 : Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Economics, Praha, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague), p. 487-492), ISBN 978-80-213-3126-6

Time coordination of connections in transfer nodes is one of the basic pillars of attractive public transport. Coordination of the connections must be implemented in such a way as to ensure not only the continuity between the required connections, but also that the operating conditions of the public transport provider are not adversely affected. Coordination is also not usually limited to an isolated transport node, because there are more transfer nodes in the network of public transport lines. The presented article contains a mathematical model mixing node and section time coordination of connections in public transport system at the same time. Factors that affect the coordination process are discussed and some problems that occur when solving tasks of time coordination using mathematical models are pointed out.

2021, Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 2021 (210), p. 1-13), ISSN 0951-8320

The article deals with the planning of the preventive evacuation processes from the point of view of ensuring the mass transportation of inhabitants from hazardous areas, when dangerous substances that are leaking into the surroundings from factories and other industrial facilities (such as nuclear power plants) threaten the inhabitants. The approach presented in this article is based on multi-criteria mixed integer linear programming. Optimisation modelling has not been yet applied in the Czech Republic to create evacuation plans. The main contribution of the article lies in a new type of optimisation approach to evacuation planning when speed of the mass evacuation process is determinative. The mathematical model was applied to the planning of the mass evacuation process in the emergency planning zone which is demarcated around the nuclear power plant Dukovany in the Czech Republic.

2021, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2021, ISSN 1024-123X

The article addresses creation of a mathematical model for a real problem regarding time coordination of periodic train connections operated on single-track lines. The individual train connections are dispatched with a predefined tact, and their arrivals at and departures to predefined railway stations (transfer nodes) need to be coordinated one another. In addition, because the train connections are operated on single-track lines, trains that pass each other in a predefined railway stations must be also coordinated. To optimize the process, mathematical programming methods are used. The presented article includes a mathematical model of the given task, and the proposed model is tested with real data. The calculation experiments were implemented using optimization software Xpress-IVE.

2020, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, ISSN 1024-123X

In regular as well as nonscheduled air transport, extraordinary situations occasionally occur, which may fundamentally disrupt the flight schedule. One of the areas that are negatively affected by the disruption is the crew plan. Due to extraordinary events, it happens that a flight is delayed, and the crew will not be at the destination airport at the prescribed time and the airline will not be able to assign it on further flights according to the original plan. Such situations can be resolved either by deploying any other available crew or by delaying the flight appropriately until the previously planned crew is available. Assigning a new crew entails additional costs for the airline, as it has to assign more flight staff than had been originally planned. Furthermore, delayed flights lead to paying passengers financial compensation, incurring additional costs for airlines. Therefore, it is important that the airline is able to resolve any irregularity situations so that the additional costs incurred to deal with the irregularity situations are kept at a minimum. The presented mathematical model may be the basis for the decision support system of the operations center worker who is responsible for the operational management of flight crews. The solution proposed in this paper will allow the operator to make a quick decision that will also be the most advantageous for the airline. This is because the proposed method is an exact approach, which guarantees finding the optimum solution. In this article, we are only dealing with pilot crews.

2020

Expertní posudek zaměřený na dopravní, technologickou a ekonomickou verifikaci návrhů Studie APC v oblasti možnosti nasazování jednotek řady 680 "Pendolino".

2020, Proccedings of 38th Int. Conf. MME 2020, Brno, Provozně ekonomická fakulta), p. 585-591), ISBN 978-80-7509-734-7

Tram transport infrastructure and its subsequent operation is a very costly matter for each transport operator. It is therefore purposeful for the infrastructure to be built only to the extent which is necessary. The article deals with the optimisation of the necessary number of shunting tracks under predefined volume of tram transport which is given by the number of tram lines and a frequency of their connections. This is a problem that is specific to rail transport, when changing the order of individual vehicles is organizationally complicated and is feasible only with appropriate construction of the rail yard (so called turning loops), in some cases it is not possible at all. One of the ways how to reduce the number of necessary shunting tracks at tram turning loops is to adjust the arrival and departure times of tram vehicles serving the individual lines - time coordination. Mathematical programming will be used to deal with the problem.

2020, Quantitative Methods in Economics : Multiple Criteria Decision Making XX : proceedings of the international scientific conference, Bratislava-Nové Mesto, Letra Edu), p. 333-342), ISBN 978-80-89962-60-0

Each transport mode needs a specific infrastructure to be operated. The same applies to tram transport. An integral part of the tram infrastructure is formed by shunting tracks at turning loops. The turning loops can have a variety of configurations (shapes). The shape depends primarily on the tram traffic volume. The construction of the tram infrastructure (including the turning loops) and their subsequent operation is very expensive for each tram transport operator. In addition, to the need for building a higher number of shunting tracks, the number of switches included at the turning loop etc. is higher. In addition to the construction costs, the maintenance costs for the turning loop increase proportionally as well. The article deals with the possibility of reducing the number of the shunting tracks. One of the ways how to reduce the number of necessary shunting tracks at the turning loop is to coordinate the arrivals and departures of individual tram connections. Mathematical programming can be used to deal with the coordination problem. Presenting a simple example, the article shows a basic principle of the positive impact of coordination on the necessary number of the shunting tracks at the turning loops.

2019, Neural Network World, 29 (3), p. 173-187), ISSN 1210-0552

This paper focuses on the continuous location-routing problem that comprises of the location of multiple depots from a given region and determining the routes of vehicles assigned to these depots. The objective of the problem is to design the delivery system of depots and routes so that the total cost is minimal. The standard location-routing problem considers a finite number of possible locations. The continuous location-routing problem allows location to infinite number of locations in a given region and makes the problem much more complex. We present a genetic algorithm that tackles both location and routing subproblems simultaneously.

2019, Transport Problems 2019, Proceedings, Katowice, Wydział Transportu Politechniki Śląskiej), p. 281-288), ISBN 978-83-945717-8-8

This article is mainly concerned about the assessment of priorities in the construction of new tram lines in the area of Czech capital Prague. The set of the projects is based on strategic materials of Prague, which were provided by The Prague Institute of Planning and Development (IPR). The main benefit of the article is the assessment of priorities in the construction without asking the experts and with variable budget. To do so the linear multicriterial programming method (STEM) is used.

2018

Disertační práce se zaměřuje na systémy veřejné hromadné kolejové dopravy osob, které mají význam v dopravní obsluze malých územních celků – regionů. Soustředí se především na železnici a její charakteristické vymezení v dopravní obsluze nodálních regionů a jejich center. V nich je možno sledovat typické přepravní vztahy a jejich vlastnosti a přizpůsobit jim dopravní nabídku na hlavních osách železniční sítě zejména z hlediska obecných technicko-provozních parametrů. Výsledky lze však aplikovat na další obdobné dopravní systémy. Práce vychází z teoretického, koncepčního i praktického základu uplatňovaného v podmínkách ČR a zahraničních příkladů. Obsahuje souhrn vlastností vymezené železniční sítě ČR, rozbor charakteristických vazeb v nodálních regionech, včetně vhodné struktury jejich obsluhy veřejnou hromadnou dopravou. Jádrem práce je návrh optimalizačního nástroje dopravní obsluhy liniové železniční sítě založený na modelu lineárního matematického programování, jehož výstupem je teoreticky optimální linkové vedení zohledňující typickou přepravní poptávku a obecné provozní náklady systému. Model je podpořen souhrnem scénářů provozně-technologických vazeb na liniové železniční síti a ověřen příklady v řešitelském software.

2017, 16th Conference on Applied Mathematics, Bratislava, VYDAVATEĽSTVO SPEKTRUM STU), p. 1494-1503), ISBN 9788022746502

The article presents modifications of two well-known pathfinding algorithms-Ford algorithm and Floyd algorithm. The presented modifications enable to find a shortest path which satisfies pre-defined capacity limitations-for example the limitations resulting from known measures and weight of a shipment we want to transport.

2017, Vědeckotechnický sborník ČD, 23 (43), ISSN 1214-9047

Prezentovaný článek se zabývá výpočtem praktické kapacity jednosměrně pojížděné traťové koleje metodou vkládání dodatečných tras. Na trati se předpokládá stochastický provoz, ve kterém se délky časových mezer vhodných pro vkládání dodatečných tras řídí Gama rozdělením pravděpodobnosti. V úvodních kapitolách článku je proveden stručný výčet metod využívaných pro výpočet kapacity traťové koleje a je detailněji popsán teoretický postup metody vkládání dodatečných tras vlaků. Následuje aplikace uvedené metody na výše uvedené provozní podmínky a konkrétní modelový příklad, na kterém je využití navrženého postupu prakticky demonstrováno. Dodatek v článku obsahuje odvození vztahu pro výpočet počtu dodatečných tras v případech, ve kterých se délky časových mezer vhodných pro vkládání dodatečných tras řídí exponenciálním rozdělením pravděpodobnosti.