People
Ing. Eva Endrizalová, Ph.D.

2024, Transportation Research Procedia, Amsterdam, Elsevier B.V.), p. 167-177), ISSN 2352-1465

The study reflects the current situation in the context of reducing CO2 emissions in air transport. Short-haul flights emit the highest CO2 emissions per passenger-kilometer compared to other modes of transport. Italy is one of the countries considering banning domestic short flights, following the example of France. There is no uniform methodology for deciding which flights to restrict or ban. Therefore, three scenarios were developed in this study. In each of these scenarios, different parameters were set to determine which flights should be banned. The results show how many flights in Italy would be affected by potential restrictions and what would be their importance in terms of annual emissions savings. Based on the results, one of the scenarios appears to be the most efficient in terms of carbon emissions. However, all societal aspects need to be considered when deciding whether to ban or not. The paper looks at this issue in a broader context, including a review of similar specialized studies, the definition of short flights and the restrictions already in place in Europe.

2024, BUSINESS LOGISTICS IN MODERN MANAGEMENT - Proceedings of the 24th International Scientific Conference, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek), p. 51-65), ISSN 1849-6148

Air cargo holds a significant position in the logistics chain of goods transportation. The sector is stable and not characterised by significant fluctuations in performance. European air cargo transportation accounts for one-fifth of global cargo tonne-kilometres. There is no domestic operator in the Czech Republic providing these services. This article brings a comprehensive analysis of the Czech air cargo market in context. The main objective was to define the market potential from the perspective of a Czech operator based in the country. A questionnaire survey was conducted as the first step to estimate demand from Czech freight forwarders. A comparative method was used to determine market potential, involving the comparison of competing airports. The process included identifying decisive factors, assigning weights to these factors, and finally calculating the overall score for each airport. The results revealed a certain potential for a Czech air cargo operator. This is the first study targeting a small Central European state with undefined or undiscovered cargo base potential. This analysis provides a good basis for future studies, referencing several previous studies but using a unique methodology.

2024, Transportation Research Procedia, Amsterdam, Elsevier B.V.), p. 3-12), ISSN 2352-1465

Short-haul flights emit the most carbon dioxide per passenger kilometer. France was one of the first countries to pass a law abolishing them where they can be replaced by rail. This applies to domestic flights with a rail alternative journey time of no more than two and a half hours. The article provides a complete analysis of short flights that were abolished by law, that should have been but were not abolished, and that may not have been and were cancelled in the reporting period. These details were defined based on a comprehensive analysis of the flight schedules of 80 French airports. This brought unique results. A total of 49 flights were cancelled, 6 of them by law and 43 for other reasons. The research was conducted with data valid as of June 2022. In a first step, this work quantifies the air seat capacity that has been lost and the capacity offered on train services. It also estimates the total travel time of different types of transport, including stay at the station/terminal and travel to and from the point of departure/arrival. At the end, the paper quantifies the changes in air transport emissions resulting from the cancellation of flights under the law. The overall impact on climate change is described using the Well-To-Wheel method according to French Ministry for the Ecological Transition and ADEME Agency procedures. Finally, France's comprehensive approach to addressing the carbon footprint of aviation is described. The discussion provides a broader perspective on the assessment of this still very current issue.

2024, New Trends in Civil Aviation: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on New Trends in Civil Aviation 2024, Praha, České vysoké učení technické v Praze), p. 113-118), ISBN 978-80-01-07181-6, ISSN 2694-7854

Airlines efficiency as a ratio of input and output operating indicators is a frequently researched topic. This paper presents a new perspective on the issue - the efficiency of European groups of airlines. The air transport market is complicated. Competition and various influences are reflected in changes in the industry. In Europe, there has been a consolidation of the industry, with several companies joining together to form a single holding structure. The work examined the efficiency of the Easy Group, Ryanair Group, Lufthansa Group and Air France-KLM Group. Available seat kilometers, available ton kilometers, and number of aircraft were used as input parameters. Number of passengers, revenue passenger kilometers, revenue ton kilometers, and total revenues were used as outputs. Annual data was collected for the 2009–2022 period. All calculations were performed using DEAFrontier Software. The effectiveness of the groups studied varied over the period. Easy Group showed inefficiencies in 2011 and 2012. Ryanair's group parameters are inconsistent between 2011–2015 and 2018–2022. The Air France-KLM group had only one inconsistent year, 2016. The Lufthansa Group can be considered the most efficient without a deviation between achieved output parameters and the optimal level of efficiency.

2023, Transport Means 2023. Part I. Proceedings of the 27th International Scientific Conference, Kaunas, Kaunas University of Technology), p. 446-451), ISSN 2351-7034

The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of the Corona Crisis on the operational performance of the largest European Airlines. Due to the consolidation of the industry, it is not possible to talk about individual companies, but about groups of companies cooperating within a holding structure. This also posed a major limitation to the work due to data availability and integrity. The analysis focused on 5 airline groups selected based on the number of passengers carried: Lufthansa Group, Ryanair Group, Air France-KLM Group, IAG Group, Easy Group. The article contains an overview of data availability and a list of airlines belonging to each group. The operational performance of the airlines is defined using basic Key Performance Indicators. In this research 4 indicators were used: number of passengers carried, available seat kilometres (ASKs), revenue passenger kilometres (RPKs) and load factor (LF). The data was collected for the period 2013 to 2022. Number of passengers and LF is presented as net values development and as annual % change in graphs. ASKs and RPKs indicators, as they are only available for the fiscal year (it does not coincide with the calendar year) for low-cost airlines, are processed on year-on-year changes with the relevant decrease indicated in colour. ASKs represent a supply of groups, RPKs a demand, these performances are listed in the ranking. The results show how the performance of each group evolved before (2013-2019), during the pandemic (2020, 2021) and in 2022 marked as a recovery year.

2022, 2022 New Trends in Civil Aviation (NTCA), Praha, České vysoké učení technické v Praze), p. 87-91), ISBN 978-80-01-06985-1, ISSN 2694-7854

Freight transported by air plays an important role in world economics. The covid pandemic had an unprecedently negative impact on passenger air transport, but air cargo maintained its performance. We could even see significant increase in some markets. Due to the increased demand for freight, the airlines had to deal with a shortage of capacity. This situation showed us, the importance of planning and optimizing the cargo fleet. One of the input factors for decision-making is the development of demand. This research was focused on the prediction of the air cargo demand on five routes: two within Europe, two Europe-Asia, and one Europe-N. America. The main source of data was the Eurostat database (data by months 1/2015-12/2020). Metric used was the weight of freight loaded and unloaded between selected cities in tonnes. Statistical significance of the data was assessed using linear and quadratic regression analysis. The prediction was performed using the Holt-Winter algorithm (1/2021-4/2022). One of the selected routes proved to be very demanding in terms of increasing traffic. The rest of the routes showed less increase in volume of air cargo transport. Validation of the method/prediction was performed by evaluating real data for the same period.

2022, Acta Avionica, 24 (2), p. 29-33), ISSN 1339-9853

This article presents a project proposal that was created in response to a competitive call from the Czech research support agency in the area of Increasing the Resilience of Society to Disinformation. We consider the most effective strategy for achieving this goal to be accessible interdisciplinary education – knowledge shared by the so-called Opposite Side Method. The idea uses the acronym INEDCO (INterdisciplinary EDucation COncept). It is an innovative form of education for the general public through the offer of knowledge. This set of knowledge will provide the society with a level of knowledge that eliminates/minimizes the tendency to believe delusions. The basic idea is elaborated in the form of a design structure, the second step is the methodology, and the third stage is the implementation of the project in the field of aviation. This proposal has a high potential to create a top team of researchers and produce applicable results in the long run. The essence of the project is interdisciplinarity and the collaboration of several universities at national as well as international level is essential to achieve the objectives. The concept of a shared and freely accessible INEDCO education to be the targeted opposite to the disinformation scene originated at the Department of Air Transport. Aviation is one of the fields that is a medium of hoaxes. As an institution with technical, technological, and methodological education in a very complex and difficult sector, we see the need to contribute to improving the level of knowledge and pacifying society through education.

2021

Tato studie je jedním ze dvou hlavních výstupů projektu TL01000421. Pod oficiálním označením TL01000421-V001 je publikována Metodika pro hodnocení přínosů letecké dopravy pro Českou republiku z provozně-ekonomického hlediska. Podle Metodiky je provedena tato Studie, která je výsledkem s označením TL01000421-V002. Studie představuje ucelenou zprávu hodnocení přínosů letecké dopravy pro Českou republiku z provozně-ekonomického hlediska s kvantifikovanými přínosy letecké dopravy z pohledu letišť, leteckých společností, leteckého průmyslu a leteckého podnikání v oblasti zaměstnanosti a turismu.

2018, New Trends in Process Control and Production management, London, CRC Press), p. 119-124), ISBN 978-1-138-05885-9

Article describes innovations in business models driven by high competitive markets. It unfolds the reasons behind Hybrid Business Model uprising and describes periods of air transportation evolution which triggered changes in business models of air transport providers. It is focused on segment structure and air transport de-mand changes. Article introduces transformation of business models on case studies and outlines possible future predictions.

2018

Cílem tohoto dokumentu je popsat současný stav řešení a souhrn prací na vznikající metodice, která poskytne základní návod pro analýzu a vyhodnocování rizika v procesech letecké dopravy, se zaměřením se na organizace typu letiště. Nově vzniklá metoda je součástí procesu řízení rizik a její novost vychází ze začlenění aktuálních znalostí bezpečnostního inženýrství, resp. teorie bezpečnosti. Navrhovaná metodika je plně v souladu s mezinárodními standardy a doporučeními v letecké dopravě, především s dokumentem Mezinárodní organizace pro civilní letectví ICAO, Doc 9859 Safety Management Manual. Metodika vychází ze současných postupů realizace bezpečnostních studií v letectví, které jsou implementovány v leteckém průmyslu nejčastěji jako variace metodiky SAM (Safety Assessment Methodology) publikované Evropskou organizací pro bezpečnost leteckého provozu EUROCONTROL (European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation), a které upravuje v několika ohledech. Hlavní změnou je úprava vybraných částí postupů metodiky SAM v souladu s teorií systémového modelu bezpečnosti STAMP (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes), zejména doplnění o klíčové kroky analýzy nebezpečí STPA (System-Theoretic Process Analysis), která je založena na systémovém modelu bezpečnosti STAMP. Další změnou je doplnění kvantitativního hodnocení a úprava některých postupů studií bezpečnosti za účelem zvýšení objektivity celkové realizace studií, zejména v kontextu hodnocení úrovně rizika.

2017

V rámci řešeného projektu Výzkum kvantitativních metod pro analýzu a vyhodnocování rizik studií bezpečnosti byla v kalendářním roce 2017 provedena analýza aktuálních poznatků bezpečnostního inženýrství založeném na systémové teorii. Řešitelský tým se nejvíce zaměřil na analýzu techniky STPA (System-Theoretic Process Analysis), která je založena na modelu STAMP (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes). Cílem provedené analýzy bylo nalézt teoretické základy pro systémový přístup k tvorbě studií bezpečnosti v doméně civilního letectví a to v souladu se světovým standardy a doporučeními Mezinárodní organizace pro civilní letectví ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization). Dále se řešitelský tým zaměřil na identifikaci kvalitativních postupů při tvorbě současných studií bezpečnosti, s možností zavedení kvantifikace. Obsahem zprávy je podrobný popis výsledků analýzy.

2017, Carpathian Logistics Congress 2016 - Conference Proceedings, Ostrava, Tanger Ltd.), p. 238-250), ISBN 978-80-87294-76-5

The Czech Republic has been historically a major producer of engineering products that includes unique products, although their size usually exceeds standard dimensions or weight. These types of products have high value added and are important for export. In the heavy machinery it is e.g. mining and metallurgical equipment, and other components for installation of turn-key investment units. So called light engineering also produces machinery and equipment, which can be categorized as oversized items. Locations with manufacturing plants that produce products for the chemical industry. Energy and also the automotive industry are located all over the Czech Republic. Important areas of production are especially the Ostrava region, the Pilsen region, The Central Bohemia region, the Usti region and also the South Moravian region. The transportation of these oversized items is from logistical, transportation and organizational point of view such a complicated process into where not only a manufacturer and a carrier enter. Also relevant government authorities and other organizations are having high influence. Although the transportation of oversized items is only a small part of the total volume of traffic to and from the Czech Republic, it is a very important part, specifically for export. It is necessary to pay a special attention to this type of transportation also in terms of possibility of using different transportation modes.

2017, Proceedings of The 10th MAC 2017, Praha, MAC Prague consulting, s.r.o.), p. 229-242), ISBN 978-80-88085-13-3

Transportation of goods in cities in modern times is causing a situation that leads to traffic congestions and a disproportionate burden on the environmental by transport externalities. It is necessary to design transportation of goods in “Smart Cities” in such a way as to ensure that the lives of citizens are affected as little as possible in terms of a friendly and functioning society. It is possible and necessary to utilize all modes of transport for transportation of goods, i.e. rail, road, air and inland waterway transport so that a follow-up and continuous logistic chain can function. Another very important factor is the organization of supplying in cities in a way that burdens the living space of the population as little as possible.