Lidé na fakultě
Ing. Šárka Václavíková

2023

Cílem analýzy vhodného způsobu začlenění informací o provozu UAS do činností stanoviště služby řízení je popis konkrétní varianty, kterou lze zajistit bezpečnou integraci bezpilotního provozu a s tím spojené požadavky na letové provozní služby, je-li tento provoz prováděn ve vzdušném prostoru U-space a zároveň řízeném vzdušném prostoru. Jedná se o výsledek CK01000185-V3 a naplňuje popis: „Výsledkem bude analýza začlenění přehledových informací o UAS do procesů a činností stanovišť služby řízení letového provozu. Bude vyhodnocovat různé možnosti distribuce přehledové informace na stanovišti řízení. Analýza bude rovněž obsahovat návrh způsobu, jakým budou informace spojené s provozem UAS zobrazeny.“

Oponovaná výzkumná zpráva v češtině

2023

Bezpilotní systémy rostou na popularitě a dostávají se čím dál více do povědomí veřejnosti. Pronikají do různých oblastí využitelnosti. Jejich počty se neustále zvyšují a plány s jejich využitím do budoucna rostou. Je tak nezbytné korigovat a regulovat jejich provoz. Zároveň se bezpilotní systémy pohybují ve velmi nízkém vzdušném prostoru, který je společným prostorem i pro letectví s pilotem na palubě, a tak zde může dojít k naplnění jeho kapacity. Plány pro jejich regulaci jsou tedy na místě a je nutné včas podchytit možné přehlcení vzdušného prostoru. Bezpilotní systémy by měly být provozovány v koexistenci s letectvím s pilotem na palubě ve stejném vzdušném prostoru a nemělo by docházet k jejich vzájemné segregaci. Je tedy zapotřebí využívat stejný vzdušný prostor se společnými pravidly provozu pro oba druhy subjektů. O jejich vzájemnou koordinaci by se v budoucnu mělo postarat evropské řešení uspořádání letového provozu – U-space. Právě tento dokument, který je výsledkem projektu s názvem Návrh řešení implementace U-space pro Českou republiku přináší inovativní postup pro návrhy prostorů U-Space ve vzdušném prostoru ČR, tedy možnost, jak určit kde by U-space měl být vytvořen a pro jaké případy provozu by byl komerčně vhodný.

Výsledky promítnuté do směrnic a nelegisl. předpisů

2023

Cílem Provozní koncepce U-space pro ČR je komplexně definovat subjekty, procesy, data, vztahy a dopady implementace U-space v České republice. Provozní koncepce U-space pro ČR tak slouží jako generální dokument pro implementaci U-space v ČR ze systémového pohledu. Jedná se o výsledek CK01000185-V1 a naplňuje popis: „Celková provozní koncepce U-space pro ČR bude založena na nově připravované legislativě a bude zohledňovat budoucí požadavky na integraci UAS provozu. Koncepce bude rovněž reflektovat spektrum postupů a zkušeností, které zakomponuje při vytváření integračních zásad. Budou definovány role všech zainteresovaných stran a navrženy datové vazby mezi ŘLP, FIMS manažerem a poskytovatelem služeb U-space s definováním všech vstupů a datových toků pro zajištění dynamických informací o vzdušném prostoru.“

Výsledek promítnutý do schvál. strateg. a koncepčních dokumentů

2022, Transportation Research Procedia, Amsterdam, Elsevier B.V.), p. 78-85), ISSN 2352-1457

The focus of this paper is to compare methods for safety evaluation of specific UAS operations. The UAS domain is constantly evolving and with this development comes new types of operation that have no analogy in the past. The core of UAS operation, like of the entire aviation industry, is achieving an acceptable level of safety, for which a specific operations risk assessment method, known by SORA, has been developed. SORA is a ten steps method designed for use by safety amateurs, which means that some generalization had to be done in its development. On the other hand, current state-of-the-art safety methods are systemic, which helps with the complexity of aviation operations these days. The goal of this paper is to compare SORA methodology with STPA and FRAM applied to specific complex UAS operations and to find safety gaps when applying SORA. The results identified system requirements that are not currently addressed and may have a negative impact on the safety of UAS operations.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2022, Transportation Research Procedia, Linz, Elsevier BV), p. 137-143), ISSN 2352-1465

The paper is focused on urban air mobility and its future integration into common airspace and urban transportation. Urban air mobility is seen as the third dimension for urban transportation, but its integration into cities needs a completely new approach. To find out the perspective of possible future users of urban air mobility, a questionnaire was created comparing the various options for urban transport. The result is the determination of the suitability of integrating and using Urban Air Mobility in cities according to the public's opinion. The conclusion showed an important point, that the selection of respondents for public acceptance studies of UAM should be city-related for the results to be valid.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2022, 2022 New Trends in Civil Aviation (NTCA), Praha, České vysoké učení technické v Praze), p. 161-169), ISBN 978-80-01-06985-1, ISSN 2694-7854

Unmanned aircraft systems have undergone rapid development in the last decade. This technological advancement allows their use in industry and other sectors of human activity. However, in order to increase their area of deployment there is a need for safe and effective way of harmonizing this type of operation with other current airspace users. Within the European Union this concept has been designated as U-space airspace. Through the provision of U-space services, the combination of unmanned and manned operations in the same part of the airspace is possible. The required technology for creation of U -space airspace is ready. Nevertheless, at this moment there is no tool through which it would be possible to determine the suitability of introducing U -space airspace in the selected areas. This is the area that this paper focuses on. Purposefulness of four scenarios was evaluated and general method determining the suitability of the creation of U -space airspace was created.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2021, Proceedings of the “Transport Means 2021”, Kaunas, Kaunas University of Technology), p. 807-811), ISSN 1822-296X

The paper is focused on developing a method by which UAS detection systems can be compared and determining the most appropriate UAS detection systems for potential customers. The method is based on a comparison of the specific values of individual UAS detection systems, which vary in their relevance to the different potential customers. Depending on personal preferences, everyone then sets the weight of the given values. Each potential customer has different requirements, claims, and criteria for selecting the UAS detection system, so the method is designed for compatibility in each situation. This means that any potential customer will be able to follow this method and any selection of UAS detection systems can be used for comparison.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2021, Proceedings of the “Transport Means 2021”, Kaunas, Kaunas University of Technology), p. 826-830), ISSN 1822-296X

The aim of this paper is to propose a defence strategy of Vaclav Havel airport Prague against UAS. The first part addresses the importance of the largest airport in the Czech Republic and the resulting need for its protection. The following section defines the CUAS and explains the different approaches towards the cooperative and noncooperative drones concerning safety and security. The paper also divides individual CUAS systems according to the technologies they use and determines if they are suitable for use at a public international airport. Afterward the defence strategy was created from suitable options including both active and passive surveillance systems. In the end, the evaluation of the proposal was done in terms of range, scalability, and economy.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2021

Tento dokument je výstupem projektu TJ02000048. Jedná se o výsledek TJ02000048-V2 Výzkumná zpráva obsahující postup tvorby standardních scénářů a postup hodnocení bezpečnosti. Obsahuje současný stav oblasti bezpilotních systémů v ČR, aktuální provoz, evropskou harmonizovanou legislativu a klíčový prvek, hodnocení provozní bezpečnosti pro získání požadavků na sepsání ustanovení do standardních scénářů. Výsledek tvoří podklad zobrazující současné provozní prostředí a důvody vzniku definovaných sedmi scénářů ve výsledku TJ02000048-V1. Konkrétní popis výsledku dle závazných parametrů projektu TAČR zní: „Souhrnná výzkumná zpráva bude obsahovat podrobnou analýzu provozních podmínek v prostředí ČR, která bude dále využita k vytvoření konkrétních standardních scénářů (STS) a posouzení vlivu na bezpečnost provozu. Z této analýzy bude možné zjistit, jaké STS se jeví jako nejvhodnější k vytvoření a stanoví počet. Zpráva bude dále zamýšlet i provoz budoucí, pro který v tuto chvíli nejsou nastaveny vhodné provozní podmínky. Tato zpráva výrazně podpoří dosažení hlavního cíle projektu.“

Výzkumná zpráva v češtině

2020, 2020 New Trends in Civil Aviation, Praha, IEEE Czechoslovakia Section), p. 75-79), ISBN 978-80-01-06726-0, ISSN 2694-7854

In accordance with harmonized European legislation and an innovative European approach to the integration of unmanned aircraft systems into the common airspace (U-space), it is necessary to address unauthorized operation in areas that prohibit or restrict the operation of unmanned aircraft. The aim of this paper is to determine the methodology and verify its functionality for intervening against the unauthorized intrusion of drones into the geographical zones for unmanned aircraft systems. Harmonized European rules set out the requirements for the regulation of traffic by means of geographical zones. Given the scale of operation and accessibility of drones on the market, it is objectively necessary to design procedures for taking appropriate action against potential intruders in these geographical areas. Possible types and specifications of unauthorized incursions are identified and the adequacy of the proposed interventions evaluated using the proposed scale.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2020, Transportation Research Procedia, Linz, Elsevier BV), p. 3-10), ISSN 2352-1465

Spreading the use of drones is seen as a fundamental step to exploit the economic potential of this new part of aviation and to support the further development of the economy. However, the expansion of the use of drones has many obstacles in its way that must first be overcome. This paper focuses on the development of drones and searches for ways to support them. The aim of the paper is to uncover the issues of spreading the use of drones. Considering new harmonized European legislation, it is possible to come across traditional airspace users, or even the general public, who may oppose the development. Based on the attitudes of all stakeholders in the current complex system of air transport operations, including its predicted future, it was possible to define three basic groups of issues of spreading the use of drones. These are social, technological, and systemic issues. Each group is defined by several issues that hinder the rapid development of the unmanned industry. The elimination of the identified issues could allow the spreading the use of drones one step further.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2020, MAD - Magazine of Aviation Development, 8 (2), p. 6-10), ISSN 1805-7578

The aim of this paper is to determine the role of Common Information Service (CIS) in the U-space environment. Ensuring the correct role of the CIS and all high-level connections is the first step to implementing U-space in specific airspace and as such needs to be finished as soon as possible. The paper is based on the current state-of-the-art in the field of drones and the development of the integration of drones’ operation into airspace. Options considered are based on analysing existing solutions in Europe and in the world, and the development of regulations leading to the current draft of U-space legislation. The paper presents two main possibilities of connections between U-space stakeholders and sets out eight criteria according to which both options are compared. This comparison results in considering feasibility for both options, but the one where the CIS plays a central role through which all information flows is evaluated as better.

Článek v odborném recenzovaném periodiku cizojazyčně

2019, Zvyšovanie Bezpečnosti a kvality v civilnom letectve, Žilina, Žilinská univerzita v Žiline), p. 41-44), ISBN 978-80-554-1549-9, ISSN 2644-495X

Operators of small aircraft have noticed a high level of the operational effectivity achieved by airliners. It is very expensive to operate an aircraft engine not only for large commercial aircraft but also for small aircraft engines. Therefore, it is needed to respond to the situation and to focuson an engine data monitoring and collecting by the small engines. The introductory part is described current situation and differences of maintenance/operation commuter and airliners. The second part is about possibilities of "small engine" data monitoring and collecting. There is also mentioned preliminary idea of solution step-by-step, The purpose of the article is to think about optimise operation of commuter aircraft based on the engine monitoring system and offline data analysis.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf. cizojazyčně

2019, TRANSPORT MEANS 2019 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 23rd INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE, Kaunas, Kaunas University of Technology), p. 1464-1467), ISSN 1822-296X

This article makes use of a practical experiment to verify reliability of an unmanned aircraft failsafe system based on measured data and their evaluation. The practical part assesses the measured parameters, which by their nature are essential for evaluation, and creates a comprehensive view of overall reliability of the aircraft system. The paper declares that while maintaining certain security measures, the current operational reliability of the unmanned aircraft or its system, which was the subject of the experiment, at a high level.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2018, New Trends in Civil Aviation, Leiden, CRC Press/Balkema), p. 207-215), ISBN 978-0-8153-7602-6

This article presents and describes a new model, which evaluates various inputs with regard to an individual’s needs. Motivation for the new model was the need for creating a simple solution usable for every company. The article describes structures of currently used fatigue risk management models, their applicability, parameters comparison and evaluating criteria for procurement of commercially available models with its integration into the current fatigue risk management. The new model is based on this current knowledge and takes into account existing options for companies and therefore it offers applicable solutions in all aspects, including compliance with aviation legislation. This makes it usable for any aviation company.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2018, New Trends in Process Control and Production management, London, CRC Press), p. 513-516), ISBN 978-1-138-05885-9

The paper discusses the introduction of risk-based indicators and their subsequent use as a support tool for evaluating the economic efficiency of accepted safety measures. The first part is devoted to describing the principle of risk-based indicators, the second section describes usage of economic analysis and usage of risk-based evaluation indicators with regard to economic efficiency. The goal of this article is to declare new possibilities how to evaluate risks and how to assess cost and benefits for some safety measures. At the end there is a discussion about usage of risk-based indicators in a new economic way.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf.

2018, Young Transportation Engineers Conference 2018, Praha, Fakulta dopravní), ISBN 978-80-01-06464-1

The paper focuses on the issue of unmanned aerial vehicles and their use, especially from the point of view of Czech legislation, which forms the framework of rules for maintaining an acceptable level of safety. The introductory part is devoted to unmanned systems in general, their distribution and use. The second part is devoted to the procedure for obtaining a license to operate aerial work in the Czech Republic, based on which it is legally possible to carry out this activity. The article also contains a useful part containing unmanned aerial vehicles statistics in the Czech Republic. The issue of harmonizing European regulation is also highlighted. The purpose of the paper is to define the current basis of unmanned aerial systems on which any operational research can be done.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf. cizojazyčně

2017, Interdisciplinarity in Theory and Practice, 2017 (12), p. 7-10), ISSN 2344-2409

Air transportation has a non-negligible effect on the Earth’s atmosphere. Contrails are one of the factors causing changes in the atmosphere. Their global influence on the climate is not yet well understood, but there is a presumption that the dominating effect should be the greenhouse or the warming effect. Their formation depends on suitable atmospheric conditions and phenomena that create these conditions. Because their influence on the radiation balance is presumed to be positive, it is important to focus on the reduction of the formation of persistent contrails and to mitigate their effects. Methods and technologies that are needed to accomplish desired objective, however, require an increase in the economic, operational and technological capacities in the air transportation. We described global and operational changes to the operating methods such as shifting of cruise altitudes and spatial and temporal regulation of flights. From the technological viewpoint, we mentioned engine efficiency, alternative fuels and physical changes to airframes and their effect on the contrails formation. In this research, we identified the elements that contribute to the increase of the radiation forcing and the formation of contrails and contrail-cirrus and the relations between them. The conclusion outlines gaps, filling of which would improve the understanding of the formation of contrails.

Článek v odborném recenzovaném periodiku

2017, Aeronautica XVII, Lublin, University College of Enterprise and Administration in Lublin), p. 30-36), ISBN 978-83-60617-49-6

This paper is focused on the idea of using thermal imagers for approach to landing. This possibility could improve the procedures currently used and if shown as feasible, it could help the pilot with the guidance to land in deteriorated meteorological conditions. The research was focused on the confirmation or rejection of this idea.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf.

2016, Risks of business and territorial processes, Ústí nad Labem, Univerzita Jana Evangelisty Purkyně v Ústí nad Labem), p. 174-180), ISBN 978-80-7561-021-8

The objective of this article is to introduce the concept of Fatigue Risk Management supported by ICAO and EASA and an analysis of current issues in this area. The FRM System has become a closely watched management system mainly due to a fact that lack of knowledge about fatigue and related dangers has led to several aviation accidents and incidents. The article addresses main definitions related to issues of fatigue with regard to air transport, describes the main elements of FRM and describes approaches to risk management in aviation. Later it is dealt with the matters of non-introduction of the FRM into the operation, on which basis it might be possible to implement the basis of FRMS into the operational processes of airlines.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf. cizojazyčně

2016, Journal Of Global Science, 1 (1), ISSN 2453-756X

European aviation regulations have changed significantly over the past two decades. We summarized the regulations development and addressed its impact on operating procedures design in commercial air transport operations. One of the major negative consequences is a need to constantly update operations manuals. This creates challenges to the front-line staff as updates and revisions may be hard to follow. Pilots, cabin crew, dispatchers or agents who do not follow or are not aware of the latest operating procedures impose a safety hazard. We analyzed several operating procedures. Operating procedures must not only comply with current regulations; they also must be easy to understand and follow by their users. We are developing practices for more user-friendly design of Operations Manuals.

Článek v odborném recenzovaném periodiku

2016, Interdisciplinarity in Theory and Practice, 2016 (10), p. 38-41), ISSN 2344-2409

This paper deals with relationship between regulations and aviation safety. Regulatory basis is very extensive in aviation and strict rules are established, but in some areas stakeholders have quite a freedom. One of these areas is the aviation safety. It is the first point in a list of demands from the general public, who use air travel. This article addresses three sample areas with a looser interpretation of regulations and shows on them the development of compliance-based safety to performance-based safety.

Článek v odborném recenzovaném periodiku

2016, Sborník příspěvků konference Young Transportation Engineers Conference 2016, Praha, České vysoké učení technické v Praze), ISBN 978-80-01-06016-2

The article discusses the issue of fatigue in aviation, so called Fatigue Risk Management, and the possibilities for further research in this area. It describes the basic features of fatigue in aviation and it discusses in detail biomathematical modelling, based on which the fatigue can be evaluated. In the scope of modelling, the most emphasis is given to the requirements of the modelled outputs and individuality of inputs. Every human being is, in terms of fatigue, unique; therefore it is highly difficult to generalize models’ outputs that were created on the basis of “sample” of people. For this reason, it is important to understand and properly evaluate the subjective assessment of fatigue in a way that the results can be integrated into the overall system of fatigue management.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf. cizojazyčně