Lidé na fakultě
doc. Ing. Michal Matowicki, Ph.D.

2024, 2024 New Trends in Aviation Development (NTAD), IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)), p. 159-164), ISBN 979-8-3315-2774-7

Fear of flying, or aviophobia, is a significant issue affecting a substantial portion of the population, with young adults being particularly vulnerable. Despite the high safety record of aviation, this irrational fear can severely impact an individual’s willingness or ability to travel by air, especially in the context of increasing global air traffic. This study investigates the factors contributing to fear of flying among young commuters aged 18-26 using a stated preference survey. The analysis highlights that fear is primarily driven by emotional responses to situational triggers rather than rational assessments of air travel safety. Key predictors of fear include concerns about terrorism, aviation accidents, and adverse weather conditions, with these factors exerting significant emotional influence despite their statistical rarity. The study also reveals a disconnect between objective safety perceptions and subjective fear, indicating that even passengers who acknowledge the general safety of air travel may still experience anxiety triggered by situational factors.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf.

2024, Transportation, 2024, ISSN 1572-9435

In this study, we conducted a comprehensive survey involving a substantial sample size (n = 6,405) of urban daily commuters across four European nations (Germany, the United Kingdom, Poland, and the Czech Republic). Our investigation contributes to an enriched comprehension of the user dynamics associated with Mobility-as-a-Service alternatives and their interrelation with public transit modalities in the context of travel preferences. Specifically, we researched the responsiveness of participants to variations in pricing and travel durations. Additionally, we examine the tendencies of various participant categories, stratified into distinct segments based on shared attributes, toward the adoption of public transportation, MaaS solutions, or private vehicular transport. Our findings highlight the essential role fundamental mobility determinants, such as price and travel time, play in influencing the likelihood of opting for a specific transportation modality. This phenomenon was particularly discernible within the "Unspecified Users" group, which gives us options to alter their behavior. The analytical framework used in our study that combined several mathematical modeling tools provided insight into the choices people make when choosing between different travel options, and our findings may be used by decision makers to create better and more informed approaches to promote sustainable alternatives to the use of cars in urban settings.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SCI Expanded

2024, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 104, ISSN 0169-8141

Mild hypoxia in aviation is a well-known phenomenon that affects flight safety, particularly in general aviation. Experimental research on its influence on performance and physiological response has been limited, often yielding contradictory results. This study aimed to deepen the understanding of mild hypoxia's effects on pilots' physiological responses and performance. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize existing knowledge and assess the consistency and generalizability of previous findings. Novel empirical data were then obtained through an experiment designed to focus on cardiac activity and performance under mild hypoxic conditions. Twelve male active military pilots participated in the experiment, which involved two simulated flights under controlled conditions. Unlike previous studies, which have varied significantly in methodology and outcomes, this study employed an approach to isolate the effects of mild hypoxia while simultaneously approximating real flight conditions by using a full flight simulator and a reduced oxygen breathing device. The experiment did not indicate significant performance degradation, while compensatory mechanisms in cardiac activity were observed, specifically in the form of increased heart rate and heart rate variability. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge by providing a more consistent methodological framework and highlighting the physiological adaptations to mild hypoxia, serving as a foundation for further investigation into the relationship between mild hypoxia, pilot performance, and physiological response.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SCI Expanded

2024, Aerospace, 11 (12), ISSN 2226-4310

The rapid growth in air traffic has led to increasing congestion at airports, creating bottlenecks that disrupt ground operations and compromise the efficiency of air traffic management (ATM). Ensuring the predictability of ground operations is vital for maintaining the sustainability of the ATM sector. Flight efficiency is closely tied to adherence to assigned airport arrival and departure slots, which helps minimize primary delays and prevents cascading reactionary delays. Significant deviations from scheduled arrival times—whether early or late—negatively impact airport operations and air traffic flow, often requiring the imposition of Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) regulations to accommodate demand fluctuations. This study leverages a data-driven machine learning approach to enhance the predictability of in-block and landing times. A Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) neural network was trained using a dataset that integrates flight trajectories, meteorological conditions, and airport operations data. The model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting landing time deviations, achieving a Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) of 8.71 min and showing consistent performance across various long-haul flight profiles. In contrast, in-block time predictions exhibited greater variability, influenced by limited data on ground-level factors such as taxi-in delays and gate availability. The results highlight the potential of deep learning models to optimize airport resource allocation and improve operational planning. By accurately predicting landing times, this approach supports enhanced runway management and the better alignment of ground handling resources, reducing delays and increasing efficiency in high-traffic airport environments. These findings provide a foundation for developing predictive systems that improve airport operations and air traffic management, with benefits extending to both short- and long-haul flight operations.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SCI Expanded

2024, Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Śląskiej, 125, p. 89-99), ISSN 0209-3324

The paper describes decision table notation as a requirements definition technique. Modern critical systems, e.g., railway signaling systems, are implemented with electronic technologies. The use of computers in these systems has greatly expanded their functionality. Increase in functionality unfortunately leads to increase in complexity, which forces the designer to follow a more rigorous development process. The paper discusses the subject of describing expected software behavior, i.e., software requirements specification. It presents desired requirements features and describes how these features can be obtained by use of decision tables. The paper also discusses decision table transformations, which can reduce the effort to establish decision tables and facilitate their analysis. The authors’ experiments support the use of decision tables as a mean to increase requirements quality by providing tools for automatic decision table processing.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném databází Scopus

2024, CCC: 7 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RAILWAY TECHNOLOGY: RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE, Edinburgh, Civil-Comp Press), p. 1-8), ISSN 2753-3239

The migration towards autonomous railway systems represents a significant shift in modern rail transportation, driven by technological advancements such as automation, artificial intelligence, and digitalization. This transformation is poised to enhance safety, operational efficiency, and network capacity while reducing human errors and operational costs. However, the shift from conventional to autonomous systems poses various challenges, including infrastructure adaptation, regulatory changes, and the need for rigorous safety assurance. This paper addresses the expectations and requirements for the successful transition to autonomous train operations, emphasizing the role of the Common Safety Method (CSM) for risk evaluation in ensuring the safety and regulatory compliance of new railway technologies. Key areas discussed include the evolving functionality and responsibility of train operations, the role of automation in mitigating risks, and the necessity of robust cybersecurity frameworks. The paper also outlines the potential of pilot projects and the importance of continuous monitoring and assessment in achieving a safe, efficient, and sustainable autonomous railway system.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf.

2024, Applied Sciences, 14 (18), ISSN 2076-3417

The analysis and planning of suburban traffic flows is an extremely important task to ensure efficient and fluent traffic distribution in existing infrastructure. One of the main sources of this information from existing situations is origin–destination (OD) matrices, usually obtained from traffic CCTV cameras. In this paper, a novel method is proposed for the filtration of transit traffic from the overall traffic through the area. The main feature that differentiates this method from existing outlier (and thus transit traffic) detection methods is that it is focused solely on prolonged trips (which are believed to be caused by vehicles stopping in the investigated area). Initial calibration of the method on training data (sample size of N = 216,159 trips through paired detectors) and verification on test data prove the accuracy of the algorithm on the level of 98% in urban and suburban areas, respectively, in Czech Republic conditions, which gives high hopes for the feasibility of the method.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SCI Expanded

2024

This habilitation thesis is focused on travel behaviour analysis, its different approaches, and tools. Special focus is placed on discrete choice modelling as a tool to analyse and model behaviour regarding adaptation of sustainable travel modes by commuters. First part of thesis is guide over state of the art, regarding definition of the field and phenomena of choice modelling in transport behaviour. The second part starts with a more detailed description of applications of choice modelling, including a complete set-up of the experiment framework from available data sources and applicable data collection methods. From there we move to the explanation of utility function term, and brief overview of existing and applied in my research modelling techniques. Finally, the most important findings from research conducted in the field are presented in form of structured summary. The habilitation thesis is designed in the form of an annotated set of the most important published scientific papers in the field.

Docentská habilitační práce

2024

Habilitační přednáška

2023, Human Factors in Transportation, New York, Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics International), p. 281-291), ISBN 978-1-958651-71-1

In response to society’s volatile and changing mobility requirements, many new mobility concepts and business models are currently being developed and piloted. The Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) concept attempts to meet rising customer demands in a needs-based and situational manner. For the success of innovative mobility offers, user acceptance and thus a user-centred business model and product development is crucial. The aim of this study is to provide deeper insights in the perception of society’s usefulness in a potential MaaS use to derive recommendations for the design and development of MaaS business models from a user perspective. This is done under consideration of the Importance-Performance-Matrix. The question is investigated to what extent differentiated usefulness dimensions (functional, emotional, social, economical, and ecological) influence the intention to use Mobility-as-a-Service. By applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the context of an empirical study the relationships between perceived usefulness dimensions, attitude towards using MaaS and intention to use MaaS were examined. For that, an online survey with more than 6400 respondents from four European countries was conducted. In this, we took care to select latent constructs with the highest possible fit that had already been tested in other studies. This database allowed the proposed TAM to be modelled using structural equation models (SEM) to analyse the relationships between perceived usefulness and behavioural intention to use MaaS.The results show that the perceived emotional, functional, and economical usefulness dimensions significantly correlate with both, the attitude towards and the intention to use MaaS positively. Especially the perception of emotionally increasing elements were identified as main drivers for an intensified MaaS use: The more likely users are to enjoy, feel good about, or have fun using MaaS, the more likely they are to use such a system. One design approach for increasing emotional benefits is to add means of transport to a MaaS package whose use is characterized by a high degree of enjoyment, such as e-scooters and e-bikes. Here, we were able to investigate high correlations between the desire for those transport modes and the intention to use MaaS. Another approach is to remove "pain points" in the transaction process in the MaaS app. It is recommended to implement an integrated booking and payment function. Generally, a MaaS app should simplify the processes that users perceive as complicated in intermodal travel. However, no significant results could be found on the social dimension, which means there is currently no need for action in improving a MaaS system regarding social components. The ecological usefulness dimension shows a significant negative influence on the intention to use on the one hand, and a significant positive inf

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf.

2023, 2023 Smart City Symposium Prague, New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 979-8-3503-2162-3, ISSN 2691-3666

Traffic congestion is one of the most significant impacts of constantly increasing mobility demands in cities. In this paper, we conceptualize a complex multi-aspect algorithm for quantification of the socioeconomical impact of congestion. This algorithm can be a very powerful tool to evaluate recurrent congestion in cities in terms of quality of life (QoL) and economic assessment justifying investments. It is also a forecasting tool evaluating planned interventions into urban transportation systems such as constructions, reorganizations, and various special events. The proposed preliminary algorithm takes into consideration the value of time, the fuel consumed, and the cost of produced CO2 emissions. With the provided example, it was shown that in case of Prague city daily congestion related cost can exceed and overwhelming 800.000 EUR/day. This is a considerable amount when considering its daily base repetitiveness.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2023, 2023 New Trends in Aviation Development (NTAD), Praha, IEEE Czechoslovakia Section), p. 222-227), ISBN 979-8-3503-7042-3, ISSN 2836-2756

Efficient airport operations are vital for ensuring the seamless flow of aircraft and passengers. However, real-world airport operations often deviate from meticulously crafted plans, necessitating dynamic resource allocation. These challenges become particularly pronounced during peak operational periods when butter capacity is limited. To address these issues, we conducted an analysis utilizing operational data from the airport, along with Filed Tactical Flight Model and Current Tactical Flight Model data, as well as meteorological information. Our study primarily focuses on incoming flights at Prague Airport, where we employed regression analysis, forward parameter selection, and a brute-force approach to identify key parameters. These parameters significantly enhance the predictability of in-block time deviations and delay caused in individual phases of the flight. Our model successfully explains up to 96 % of the variability in the data. In summary, this research aims to optimize airport operations by bridging the gap between planned and actual in-block times, ultimately enhancing airport efficiency. The comprehensive analysis of various data elements offers valuable insights for airport management and decision-makers.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2023, ISBN 978-80-01-07090-1

This work summarizes results and findings of a Czech national scientific project “SMART City – SMART Region – SMART Community” that took place between years 2018 and 2022. Its objective was to understand decision making processes related to the travel mode choice (travel behavior research). Particular focus has been put on shared mobility, micro mobility and mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) in general. Main driver of the study was the need to understand reasons why people choose cars as their preferred travel mode in order to propose and deliver policies leading to increase attractiveness of other transport modes.

Jjiná kniha cizojazyčně

2023, Transport Means 2023. Part I. Proceedings of the 27th International Scientific Conference, Kaunas, Kaunas University of Technology), p. 452-457), ISSN 2351-7034

The paper provides an overview of the ongoing development process of the safety control system for autonomous train operation. In the provided work authors cooperate with a leading signaling systems supplier to apply their knowledge of semi-automated train operation and to analyze and synthesize possibilities and techniques for development and implementation of a system able of substituting necessary train driver activities and responsibilities. A brief overview of the feasible control systems for this task is provided, and challenges in implementation of such a system to provide autonomous operation of trains on grade-of automation levels 3 (driverless, with a train attendant) and 4 (unattended) are analyzed. Finally, the essential building blocks of the proposed safety control system are outlined and their functionality and related data flow is briefly discussed.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf. (Scopus)

2023, International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 12 (4), p. 986-995), ISSN 2046-0430

With the constant and ever-growing pressure from governing bodies for increased sustainability of transportation systems, the need for changes in the travel behaviours of the inhabitants of suburban and urban areas seems inevitable. Thus a shift from cars to vehicles with higher occupancy rates or other more environmental friendly travel modes needs to be a priority. This requires understanding the reasons why people choose cars as their preferred mode of travel for commutes in order to make informed decisions about how to encourage changes in commuter travel behaviors. This paper presents a case study of four medium-sized Czech towns, including a survey concerning pre- and post-COVID-19 travel habits focused on identifying and understanding the willingness of car-dependent commuters to change their mode of travel choice. This three-stage survey revealed a small, COVID pandemia -based effect on the habits of respondents and helped to identify sensitivities survey participants had to particular travel parameters and characteristics that might be used by municipalities to implement informed policies that could lead to changes in travel behaviours.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném databází Scopus

2022, Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 26 (5), p. 613-623), ISSN 1547-2450

In a world in which Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are increasingly being installed on highways, the proper calibration of ITS algorithms is emerging as an essential component of such systems. The key to calibration is profound and correct understanding of reactions by drivers to ITS interventions. Speed compliance is a special kind of driver behavior, highly related to resultant road safety. This paper, using data gathered from a representative sample of 39 research participants in a dynamic driving simulator experiment in the Czech Republic, presents an approach for modeling driver speed compliance based on socio-demographic characteristics. In this approach, logistic regression model was applied to understand the factors influencing driver speed compliance. The results of this study support the goal of establishing optimal speed limits for drivers on Variable Message Signs on the Prague Ring Road by addressing issues related to driver speed compliance. These findings provide the basis for policy development aimed at ensuring the consistent and practical design of Variable Speed Limit systems on Czech highways and beyond.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SCI Expanded

2022, FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RAILWAY TECHNOLOGY: RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE, Edinburgh, Civil-Comp Press), p. 1-6), ISSN 2753-3239

In terms of safety, rail-road crossings are critical points of interface between rail and road transport systems. This is due to the fact that among the total number of adverse events that take place in the area of railway infrastructure, the vast majorities are those occurring at these critical points. The issue of the occurrence of adverse events in the area of rail-road crossings has continuously been a serious topic of discussion for all entities related to land transport for many years. There is still a search for innovative methods influencing the improvement of safety at rail-road crossings. The proposed solutions must, on the one hand, take into account many aspects (including: safety, legal, technical) and on the other hand, take into account economic factors. Currently, there are no crossing systems in Poland that enable the control of multiple remote peripheral devices (barriers, traffic signals, level crossing warning signal) of various rail-road crossings from one control core. The level crossing system enabling remote control from one control core is the PZZ-J system produced by the Czech company AŽD Praha s.r.o. However, this system is not approved in Poland. On the Polish railway network, can often be found a large concentration of rail-road crossings, where installation of such a system would be advisable taking into account economic factors. Reducing the cost of building the system enables the protection of a greater number of rail-road crossings, which implies a significant improvement in safety within these facilities. This article presents the concept of a control system for multiple remote peripheral devices of rail-road crossings using the PZZ-J system by AŽD Praha s.r.o., in order 2 to group rail-road crossings on a selected railway line managed by PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A.. The paper also analyzes the mathematical model of a centralized control system for multiple remote peripheral devices of rail-road crossings in order to determine the reliability, availability and safety parameters describing the safety level of the system. Stochastic processes in the form of homogeneous stationary and ergodic Markov processes were used for the mathematical analysis. This method makes it possible to estimate the limit values of the probabilities of failure states and dangerous failures during system operation.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf.

2022, Travel Behaviour and Society, 2022 (27), p. 204-215), ISSN 2214-367X

Urban mobility is currently facing a variety of challenges. Increasing emission levels in cities, growing numbers of private vehicles and constantly changing needs and requirements of the population are only some of them. New mobility concepts and business models are currently emerging in response to these volatile conditions, primarily through improvements in IT infrastructure and the profitable collaboration of various players. Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is one of those innovative mobility concepts trying to cope with the current challenges. This paper provides first insights on the characteristics and attitudes of potential MaaS users in order to understand the drivers for a higher willingness to use. The results are gathered with an online survey based on a sample of n = 6000 regular commuters within England, Germany, Czech Republic and Poland. Additionally to the development of a User Behavior Model, the focus also lies on the analysis of undecided users. Comparing the attitudes of participants who show a high willingness to use MaaS with those who are still undecided provides important insights on how to attract a specific audience and increase the usage of Mobility as a Service. The data provides information that the average undecided user is of higher age and has a lower income. Furthermore, the results show significant evidence that the personal opinion towards shared economy, environmental friendliness, and social influence does impact the willingness to use MaaS. Contrary to existing research, travelled distance does not influence the likelihood to use MaaS.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SSCI

2021, 19th European Transport Congress: European Green Deal Challenges and Solutions for Mobility and Logistics in Cities, Maribor, University of Maribor), p. 401-417), ISBN 978-961-95633-0-4

In the last years, with new topics such as smart cities emerging, there is a lot of progress with respect to gathering new data, transforming them into information and knowledge and to share and enhance such knowledge among different fields. This is true also for traditionally closed environments such as railway stations. We can see many new sensors emerging. They do not monitor only the movement of the trains. A lot of attention is newly paid to the movement of people. For this different video detection systems, ultrasonic technologies, even weight sensors installed in vehicles are often used to learn more about travelers’ behavior. Such data can be used for many different aspects, such as safety, security or even control and optimization. In this paper, we do not look primarily at the different technologies used in sensors to monitor presence and movement of travelers (automated people counting – APC systems). Our aim is to define the possible usage of such data. System engineering approach is used to utilize the findings from literature and project review. Based on a state-of-the-art analysis, we identify the major actors and prepare use cases defining the way how they can use and benefit from the data. A classification of the technology is provided to better explain the needs of particular use cases. The use cases are also further classified according to strategic, tactical, and operational control level.

Stať ve sborníku z mezinár. konf.

2021, Case Studies on Transport Policy, 9 (2), p. 842-850), ISSN 2213-624X

Carsharing is a relatively new and growing mobility service in many cities. Although there are numerous carsharing initiatives in operation around the world, it is still not clear how they will affect overall travel behavior. Understanding the effects of carsharing when combined with other existing travel modes is an important pre-requisite for decision-makers for them to be able to positively utilise the benefits of carsharing services. Such new mobility services need to be incorporated into existing modelling tools to reliably evaluate the impact of specific measures and policies. The presented study provides an insight into one aspect of such models: the use of carsharing for various trip purposes by users with different socio-demographic characteristics and attitudes. We identify variables that should be used for computing the utility function for users with different backgrounds, perceptions, and preferences. In this study, existing users of a carsharing company operating in various Czech cities participated in a survey and their responses were paired with records of their real carsharing usage patterns. To reduce the number of variables, principal component analysis was used, mainly with attitudinal and perception questions. The principal components based on survey respondents' attitudes towards carsharing and socio-demographic and other variables were used in logistic regression to identify parameters that most significantly influence various purposes for trips. The results confirm the hypothesis that trip purposes differ significantly among carsharing users and need to be incorporated into macroscopic carsharing usage models. These findings can assist municipality representatives and transport companies in considering carsharing as a valid and sustainable travel mode in traffic models and studies.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném databází Scopus

2021, Neural Network World, 31 (5), p. 311-328), ISSN 1210-0552

An analysis of survey data is a fundamental part of research concerning various aspects of human behavior. Such survey data are often discrete, and the size of the collected sample is regularly insufficient for the most potent modelling tools such as logistic regression, clustering, and other data mining techniques. In this paper, we take a closer look at the results of the stated preference survey analyzing how inhabitants of cities in Thailand, Poland, and Czechia understand and perceive "smartness" of a city. An international survey was conducted, where respondents were asked 15 questions. Since the most common data modelling tools failed to provide a useful insight into the relationship between variables, so-called lambda coefficient was used and its usefulness for such challenging data was verified. It uses the principle of conditional probability and proves to be truly useful even in data sets with relatively small sample size.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SCI Expanded

2021, International Conference on Vision, Image and Signal Processing (ICVISP), IEEE Xplore), p. 61-65), ISBN 978-1-6654-0770-0

Congestions in peak hours is a phenomenon which is faced by many cities in the world. One of the goals of Smart City concept is to mitigate them and thus increase the level of driving comfort. The goal of this study was to determine the most significant parameters and understand which aspects are important for driving comfort. In the performed experiment, drivers with different socio-demographic characteristics and different driving experience observed the peak-hour and off-peak traffic How from drivers’ perspective and provided a subjective evaluation of driving comfort. The evaluation was then confronted to the observed traffic parameters which were either observed at place, or obtained from traffic detectors at the time when videos were recorded. It was found that immediate presence of heavy vehicles, light conditions or road geometry are parameters which can affect the level of comfort perceived by drivers just as instantaneous speed does. The findings from this study could improve the determination of traffic Level of Service and contribute to better understanding of this parameter by drivers.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2020, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2020 (86), ISSN 1361-9209

The European Union (EU) has set rather ambitious goals for reducing emissions and improving related environmental concerns. The majority of EU effort towards reducing emissions is aimed at vehicle manufacturers, mandating development of more efficient engines in order to reduce emissions. We propose a complementary approach to help reach the EU goals. Due to the need for motorists to repeatedly stop and accelerate while driving in urban areas, overall emission rates are observed to be higher in these environments than on open motorways. As a result, management algorithms that focus on harmonising the flow of traffic in urban centres have the potential to greatly reduce urban emission rates. In this paper, we propose a set of functionalities in form of ”use cases” in order to illustrate the inefficiencies of urban traffic flow by utilising cooperation between vehicles and infrastructure. The major contribution of this paper is in addressing the potential positive impact of such measures. The results and the expected effects of the algorithms were determined using a microscopic traffic simulation model. Importantly, this approach also addresses the transition phase, when only a limited number of cooperative and automated vehicles1 (CAVs) will be introduced into traffic, resulting in a mix of automated and non-automated vehicles on the roadways. We demonstrate that introducing CAVs into traffic can lead to significant progress towards EU emissions targets, even for lower penetration levels. According to our models, full use of CAVs on roadways would lead to a CO2 emissions decrease of 10–19%.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném SCI Expanded

2020, 2020 Smart City Symposium Prague, New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 978-1-7281-6821-0

Smart City phenomenon tends to be very strongly focused on citizens and their quality of life rather than measurable parameters of traffic, information and economics. In regard to traffic, very important parameter is Level of Service (LoS), quantification of which can be a troublesome task due to the number of observed parameters and qualitative nature of the phenomenon. Moreover, the subjective interpretation of LoS may differ for such user groups like police officers, traffic dispatchers and drivers which makes experts opinion less applicable. In the following study authors created an experiment aiming on the evaluation of recorded traffic situations by drivers (from drivers' perspective). The subjective qualitative assessment of respondents was compared to the quantitative data collected by traffic detectors installed in the places where recording took place. The results provide an innovative view on accepted and commonly used Level of Service evaluation methods and scales.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2020, 2020 Smart City Symposium Prague, New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 978-1-7281-6821-0

Smart Cities become a phenomenon that is strongly linked to people and their quality of life, technologies, data, information and automation. All these will be present in future transportation that is expected to be connected and automated. While advances in vehicle automation can make cities smarter, safer, cleaner, or more energy efficient, it can also make traffic management increasingly more complicated. As a result, current traffic management tools and policies may become inefficient. Since we already experience systematic growth in Smart City technology around the world, new sets of rules and policies to protect cities and their citizens in the emerging digital and automated era must be developed and enforced. Solutions such as automated driving introduce new challenges and opportunities for climate change mitigation and improvement of traffic conditions in densely urbanized city centers. There are different approaches to integrate autonomous vehicles and their novel functionalities into the traffic management. In this paper we demonstrate such functionalities and their impact on different traffic and environmental parameters based on traffic microscopic simulation adopted to such connected functionality. The results clearly show the need to carefully and individually analyze and prioritize the impact of the CAVs functionalities for each city and each traffic situation individually, as they might have contradictory effects on traffic. The key performance indicators must be defined and the functionalities carefully integrated into the existing traffic management. This is true for the mixed traffic during the early introduction of CAVs in cities even more.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2020, ISBN 978-80-01-06793-2

Sborník z mezinár. konf. cizojazyčně

2019, 2019 Smart City Symposium Prague, New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 978-1-7281-0497-3

Travel behavior is certainly an important study area in the field of smart cities. Influencing travel behavior or changing travel patterns (for example by motivating travelers to use alternative travel modes) has the potential to lower congestions and thus significantly affect the quality of life as well as the environment – the key objectives of smart city projects and initiatives.This paper provides a review of existing research into data collection methods dealing with the topic of travel behavior, mainly with changes towards using alternative travel modes. First, a theoretical classification of survey methods is provided. Next, their advantages and limitations are demonstrated on real-world examples. Finally, the findings of this analysis are formulated into recommendations for new research into the potential of smart city measures to influence transport behavior in the Ustí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2018

Výzkumná zpráva cizojazyčně

2018, Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, Basel, Springer), p. 274-283), ISBN 9783319937090, ISSN 1867-8211

Driver behaviour is a crucial factor not only with respect to trac safety but also when considering trac management systems. Modern Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), such as Variable Speed Limit (VSL) system, enable real time dynamic trac management using actual trac data. However, in order to achieve an eective system, it is crucial to provide its speed limitation decision algorithm that is based on actual driver behaviour and not on theoretical expectations. Proper understanding of the driver decision making process and driving psychology is a key to eective and resultful trac management systems of the future. In this paper authors describe their study aiming to create a driver behaviour model with respect to VSL system based on data from driving simulator experiment. The resulting model is to be further ap- plied to data of Czech drivers' population in order to create background for future microsimulations of trac and wide range of objectives connected to calibration, analysis and deployment of future VSL systems in country.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2017, DRIVE-CAR INTERACTION & SAFETY CONFERENCE, Praha, České vysoké učení technické v Praze), p. 68-73), ISBN 978-80-01-06336-1, ISSN 2336-5382

Driving is the most universal and ordinary task people perform every day and in the same time the most complex and dangerous. It requires a full range of sensory, perceptual, cognitive, and motor functions, all of which can be affected by a wide range of stressors and experience levels. Therefore exploring of human behaviour while controlling vehicle is a crucial task in improving traffic safety. Experimental studies can always be conducted with on-road tests, however using a simulator is safer and more cost effective. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate if, and under what conditions, driving simulator provides results sufficient to provide insight to the behaviour of drivers. It discusses its limits and advantages. Overall, the researches reviewed in this paper indicates that simulator driving behaviour approximates (relative validity), but does not exactly replicate (absolute validity), on-road driving behaviour.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2016, 2016 Smart Cities Symposium Prague (SCSP), New York, IEEE Press), ISBN 978-1-5090-1116-2

An important part of the smart cities of the future are surely autonomous vehicles as they have a direct effect on the quality of life of its citizens. The possibility of deployment driverless vehicles introduces not only possible improvement of safety due to limitation of human errors, but also a potential utilization of unoccupied cars. This paper describes principles of operating and applicability of one of the technologies allowing the operation of autonomous cars - the Lane Assistant System (LAS) in conditions of the Czech Republic. The properties of road markings on road network were measured on the D5 motorway. Furthermore this information were compared with the data acquired from CAN bus about activation and parameters of LAS in an instrumented vehicle. Finally, suitability analysis was performed to estimate future applicability of such system on the tested roads.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2016, Proceedings of 11th international Conference ELEKTRO 2016, Praha, Československá sekce IEEE), p. 423-428), ISBN 978-1-4673-8697-5

In the last 30 years, there is visible trend of performing traffic experiments with use of Driving Simulator. As an example of such studies we can name researches focused on driver behavior in various traffic situations where safety and economic concerns significantly limit use of naturalistic driving studies. An inherent part of such experiments is proper design and implementation of experiment scenario, including surrounding traffic. In the following paper, the authors describe and compare the key properties of three most common approaches to the generation of surrounding vehicles for the needs of driving simulator experiments.

Stať ve sborníku z prestižní konf.

2016, Problemy Transportu - Transport Problems, 11 (1), p. 69-78), ISSN 1896-0596

Many previous studies have confirmed the strong relationship between speed compliance and the frequency and severity of traffic accidents. Variable speed limit (VSL) system as a measure to improve traffic safety enables the freeway system to change its posted speed limit based on various traffic and environmental conditions. Such system helps drivers to recognize the upcoming events, to adjust their driving style and in such way to address speed variation of the traffic flow. This is called speed harmonization. Although many studies researching the effect of VSL system on the traffic stream can be found, there are only few addressing its influence on the drivers behavior, particularly focusing on their tolerance limit and compliance, which has crucial meaning for future design of controlling algorithms. This study was prepared to inspect this grey area by studying the data from the VSL system at Prague city ring, describing the influence of the highway management system and its influence on drivers.

Článek v periodiku excerpovaném databází Scopus

2015, Silniční obzor, 76 (5), p. 135-139), ISSN 0322-7154

Mnohé předchozí studie potvrzují silný vztah mezi dodržováním rychlosti a frekvencí dopravních nehod (či závažností dopravních nehod). Systém Proměnného omezení rychlosti (VSL) je nástrojem ke zlepšení bezpečnosti silničního provozu, který umožňuje změny rychlostního limitu na základě stávajících jízdních podmínek. Na základě automatické detekce událostí dojde k přizpůsobení rychlosti jízdy - tedy k harmonizaci rychlosti. V současné době je v České republice první VSL systém instalován na Pražském městském okruhu, a to s cílem zvýšení bezpečnosti a pozitivního ovlivnění dalších parametrů dopravního proudu. Ačkoli můžeme nalézt mnoho studií, které se zabývají vlivem VSL systému na dopravní proud, existuje však jen velmi málo odborných prací, které popisují vliv na chování řidičů, zejména se zaměřením na toleranci a dodržování rychlosti. Přitom má tato informace zásadní význam pro návrh budoucích algoritmů VSL. Tato studie byla vytvořena za účelem popisu problematiky, jež ukazuje vliv liniového řízení dopravy na chování řidičů.

Článek v periodiku z pozitivního seznamu RVVI česky

2015

Výzkumná zpráva analyzuje technickou dokumentaci platnou pro realizaci vodorovného dopravního značení v podmínkách České republiky. V rámci polních testů bylo měřícím vozidlem změřeno 600 km podélných čar. Ve druhé části projektu je provedena detailní analýza změřených parametrů. Tento dokument je základem pro porovnání reálného vedení vozidla ve vztahu ke kvalitě vodorovného značení.

Oponovaná výzkumná zpráva v češtině

2014, Archives of Transport System Telematics, 7 (4), p. 24-28), ISSN 1899-8208

This thesis analyses traffic conditions within an area of the Bialystok city and possible applications for prioritizing public transportation. The main goal of the paper is to find out whether the introduction of bus priority on intersections controlled with vehicle actuated traffic lights is feasible in the examined case, as well as in agglomeration traffic overall. In frame of this elaboration a complete simulation of traffic network fragment has been done both before and after implementation of so called Bus Signal Priority with a calculation of capacity of all intersections along investigated traffic network.

Článek v odborném recenzovaném periodiku